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Collection

Abraham Lincoln Assassination Book Illustrations, ca. 1960-1970

approximately 300 photographs in 3 volumes

The Abraham Lincoln assassination book illustrations collection consists of 300 photographic reproductions likely produced during the 1960s of various 19th-century photographs, paintings, illustrations, maps, diagrams, posters, and ephemera related to the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.

The Abraham Lincoln assassination book illustrations collection consists of 300 photographic reproductions likely produced during the 1960s of various 19th-century photographs, paintings, illustrations, maps, diagrams, posters, and ephemera related to the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.

The collection provides a thorough pictorial history of Lincoln's assassination and its aftermath using photographic reproductions of select period sources. The reproductions are contained in three volumes that have been grouped into five thematic sections: "Assassination" and "Flight and Capture" (Volume 1); "Trial and Execution" and "The Funeral" (Volume 2); and "Funeral at Springfield" (Volume 3). Each thematic section is introduced with a typed index that identifies images and their original sources, which are often listed in abbreviated forms. Image sources that are cited include the Library of Congress (LC), National Park Service (NPS), Chicago Historical Society (CHS), National Archives (NA), New-York Historical Society (NYHS), Lincoln National Life Foundation (LNLF), Illinois State Historical Library (ISHS), Leslie's Illustrated, Harper's Weekly, Claude Simmons (C.S.), and more. While the subject and source of each image are noted, but there is no accompanying text or narrative concerning the events. This collection appears to have been assembled in relation to the prospective publication of an illustrated book on the topic, possibly during the 1960s as a centennial piece. Many of the photographs have chapter and page notations on the back, though there are no specific references to the author or the intended title of the prospective book.

The indexes for each thematic section are as follows:

Part I: Assassination (Volume 1)
  • Second Inauguration - LC
  • Mary Lincoln - LC
  • Abraham Lincoln - LC
  • Major Henry Rathbone - NPS
  • Clara Harris - LC
  • Lincoln Closed Coach - CHS
  • Points in Downtown Washington - LC
  • Ford's Theater from the South - ISHL
  • Ford's from the North - ISHL
  • Star Saloon Next to Ford's - NPS
  • Simulated Night View
  • Playbill April 14, 1865 - NPS
  • Laura Keene - LC
  • Dress Circle - NPS
  • Orchestra and Parquette - NPS
  • Interior Plan - NPS
  • Box 7 and 8 - US Signal Corps
  • Box, Orchestra, Dress and Family Circles - ISHL
  • Stage and Box - Ford Museum
  • Full Stage - NPS
  • Diagram of Stage - From Pitman
  • Stage with Explanatory Key
  • Setee Used in Box - NPS
  • Chair in Which Lincoln Sat - NPS
  • Plan of Box - From Harper's Weekly, 4-29-65
  • Doors Leading to Box - F. Leslie's Ill. News. 5-13-65
  • Stick Used to Bar Door - NPS
  • Seating Arrangement in Box - NPS
  • Booth's Knife and Dagger - NPS
  • John Wilkes Booth - NA
  • The Deringer - NPS
  • Berghaus Sketch from F. Leslie's I.N. 4-29-65
  • Treasury Guards Flag - NPS
  • Berghaus Sketch - F. Leslie's I.N. 5-6-65
  • Booth's Spur - NPS
  • Booth's Boot - NPS
  • Berghaus Sketch - F. Leslie's I.N. 5-20-65
  • Dr. Charles Leale - LC
  • "Borne by Loving Hands" Bersch Painting - NPS
  • Simulated Night View of Petersen House
  • Room Where the President Died - NPS
  • Front Parlor - NPS
  • Back Parlor - NPS
  • Plan of the Petersen House
  • Plan with Key
  • Contemporary Sketch - F. Leslie's I.N. 5-20-65
  • The Alexander Ritchie Painting - LC
  • Contemporary Sketch - F. Leslie's I.N. 4-29-65
  • Enlargement from the Bachelder Painting - Brown U.
  • Diagram of the Wound - from Eisenschiml
  • Seringer with Probe, Bone and Ball - NPS
  • The William Seward House - NPS
  • Attack on Seward by Paine - from Hawley
  • Secretary of State William Seward - LC
  • Lewis Paine (Powell) - LC
  • Frederick H. Seward - NA
  • Paine's Revolver and Dagger - NPS
  • Paine (LC) and Sketch from Harper's Weekly
  • House Where Lincoln Died Present Day - NPS
  • Ford's Theater Years Later - NPS
  • William Clark, Occupant of the Rear Bedroom - NPS
  • Corp. James Tanner - NYHS
  • Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles - NPS
  • Secretary of [W]ar Edwin M. Stanton - LC
  • The Rev. P. D. Gurley - LC
  • Surgeon General J. K. Barnes - NA
  • Journalist friend Noah Brooks - ISHL
  • Close Friend Dr. Alonzo Henry - ISHL
  • Robert Lincoln - ISHL
  • Edwin Booth - NA
  • John T. Ford - NPS
  • Dr. Charles A. Leale - Nat. Lib. Medicine
  • Kirkwood House - C.S.
  • John Nicolay, Lincoln, John Hay - NPS
  • The Fatal Deringer - NPS

Part II: Flight and Capture (Volume 1)
  • Rear of Ford's - NPS
  • Escape from Theatre - NPS
  • Area Behind Ford's - NPS
  • Assumed Flight Through City - NPS
  • Anacostia Bridge - NPS
  • Distant View - LC
  • Flight to Garrett's Farm - NPS
  • Surratt House, Surrattsville - NPS
  • Road from Surrattsville - NPS
  • Dr. Mudd's House - NPS
  • Bedroom at Dr. Mudd's, Dr. Mudd
  • Path to Zekiah Swamp - C.S.
  • St. Mary's Bryantown - C.S.
  • Samuel Cox Residence - NPS
  • Bryantown Hotel - NPS
  • Thomas Jones - NPS
  • Thomas Jones House - NPS
  • Old Brawner House, Pt. Tobacco - NPS
  • Pages from Booth's Diary - NPS
  • Believed Departure Place Potomac - C.S.
  • Dents Meadow - NPS
  • Crossing the Potomac - Baker's Book
  • Mrs. Quesenberry's House - NPS
  • Dr. Stewart's Home - C.S.
  • Remains of Dock, Port Conway - C.S.
  • The William Lucas Cabin - NPS
  • Historical Marker - C.S.
  • A Controversial Poster - NPS
  • Col. Baker, Lt. Baker, L. C. Conger - NYHS
  • Lt. E. P. Doherty - NPS
  • Col. Lafayette Baker - NA
  • Boston Corbett, Lt. Doherty - NA
  • Boston Corbett - LC
  • Garrett's House - NPS
  • Goldman Inn, Bowling Green - C.S.
  • Highly Imaginative Sketch
  • Contemporary Sketch - NPS
  • Plan of Garrett's Yard - NPS
  • Removal of Booth from Barn - CHS
  • As above - from Frank Leslie's Ill. Mag.
  • Booth's Death - from Baker's Book
  • Booth's Guns Found in Barn - NPS
  • Booth's Revolver - NPS
  • Booth's Compass - NPS
  • Keys Found on His Body - NPS
  • Pictures on His Body - NPS
  • " " " "
  • " " " "
  • Returning With Booth's Body - NPS
  • Post-mortem on the Montauk - NPS
  • Surious Burial - from F. Leslies Ill. Mag
  • Burial of Booth - from Baker's Book
  • Paine's Pickaxe - NPS
  • Arrest of Paine at Mrs. Surratt's - NPS
  • Boston Corbett - Boston U.

Part III: Trail and Execution (Volume 2)
  • Old Capitol Prison - NPS
  • Monitor "Saugus" - NA
  • Transferring the Prisoners - F. Leslie's I.N. 5-26-65
  • Arrival at the Old Penitentiary - NPS
  • Cell Block - Harper's Weekly 7-8-65
  • Paine Hooded - F. Leslie's 5-27-65
  • Lewis Paine - LC
  • George Atzerodt - LC
  • David Herold - LC
  • Sam Arnold - LC
  • Michael O'Luaghlin - LC
  • Edmond Spangler - LC
  • Dr. Samuel Mudd - NPS
  • Mary Surratt - LC
  • Sketch Surratt House - NPS
  • Mrs. Surratt's House - LC
  • Floor Plan Courtroom - from Pitman
  • The Conspirators - LC
  • Scene at the Trial - Harpers W. 6-10-65
  • The Courtroom - LC
  • The Military Commission - LC
  • The Commission sketch - NPS
  • Some Members of the Commission - NA
  • " " " - NA
  • " " " - NA
  • Judge Joseph Holt - NA
  • Reverdy Johnson - NA
  • Maj. Gen. Thomas Ewing, Jr. - LC
  • Attorneys John Clampitt, William E. Doster
  • Benn Pitman - LC
  • Louis Wiechmann - NPS
  • Booth's Note for Andrew Johnson - NPS
  • Spangler's Rope - NPS
  • Howard's Livery Stable - LC
  • Incriminating Picture from Surratt House - NPS
  • Senator James Lane - NA
  • Senator Preston King - NA
  • President Andrew Johnson - NA
  • Anna Surratt - NA
  • Remodeled Old Penetentiary - C.S.
  • Father Jacob A. Walter - NA
  • Prison Scenes from Old Print
  • Before the Execution - LC
  • The Graves - LC
  • Awaiting the Prisoners - LC
  • Reading the Orders - LC
  • Adjusting the Nooses - LC
  • Final Scene - LC
  • Mary Surratt Plaque - from Confederate Museum
  • Mary Surratt's Grave - C.S.
  • Fort Jefferson Dry Tortugas - NA
  • Tunnel at Fort Jefferson - NPS
  • Dr. Mudd Plaque at Fort Jefferson - NPS
  • Old and New Gravestones for Dr. Mudd - C.S.
  • Spangler's Grave at St. Peter's - C.S.
  • Booth's Grave, Greenmount Cemetery, Baltimore
  • John Wilkes Booth - Mus. City of New York
  • John Surratt as a Papal Guard - LC
  • Joh[n] Surratt - LC
  • Returning John Surratt for Trial - Harper's W. 2-19-67
  • David Herold. an early photo - NA

Part IV: The Funeral (Volume 2)
  • Abraham Lincoln - LC
  • The White House - LC
  • The Capitol - LC
  • The East Room - NPS
  • Services in the East Room - Harper's W. 5-6-65
  • Pass Funeral Service Contemporary sketch
  • Draped Treasury Building - NYHS
  • The Casket - F. Leslie's I.N. 5-13-65
  • Washington Hearse - LC
  • The Procession - F. Leslie's I.N. 5-6-65
  • " "
  • The Procession Forming - NPS
  • " " - LC
  • Turning Into Pennsylvania Ave. - Harper's W. 5-6-65
  • The Procession - London Illustrated News
  • Route of the Funeral Train - LNLF
  • Willie Lincoln - ISHL
  • The Funeral Coach - NPS
  • Interior of Car - NPS
  • At Harrisburg - ISHL
  • The State House Harrisburg - CHS
  • Train at Harrisburg - LNLF
  • The Train at Philadelphia - ISHL
  • The Philadelphia Hearse - LNLF
  • Independence Hall - from Peterson
  • Philadelphia - ISHL
  • Philadelphia Scene - ISHL
  • The Philadelphia Hearse - CHS
  • Scenes at Philadelphia - NA
  • " "
  • Portion of Train in Railroad Yards - LNLF
  • Crossing the Ferry to New York - from Valentine
  • Arrival in New York - from Valentine
  • The Procession Forming New York - NYHS
  • " " " "
  • New York City Hall - LNLF
  • At the City Hall - LNLF
  • The Body at City Hall - ISHL
  • New York Procession - ISHL
  • " " " "
  • The New York Hearse - LC
  • Death Certificate - NPS
  • Scene at New York - NYHS
  • Scenes in New York - from Valentine
  • " " " " "
  • Notice of Ceremony Lincoln, Illinois - ISHL
  • The Arch at Sing Sing - NPS
  • After the Procession at Albany - Albany Institute
  • Buffalo Hearse - Buffalo & Erie Co. Hist. Soc.
  • Procession at Buffalo " " " " "
  • " " " " " " " "
  • Monument Park Cleveland - CHS
  • At Cleveland - CHS
  • Scene at Cleveland Contemporary sketch
  • Cleveland - LNLF
  • Cleveland - LNLF
  • Monument Park - LNLF
  • At the State House Columbus ISHL
  • Procession at Columbus - LNLF
  • Funeral Arch Indianapolis - LNLF
  • Hearse and Horses Indianapolis - LNLF
  • Hearse and Casket Indianapolis - LNLF
  • Hearse and Casket Indianapolis - LNLF
  • Stop at Michigan City - LNLF
  • Typical Smalltown Depot - ISHL
  • Train at Chicago Illinois Cent. RR
  • Removal of Coffin Chicago Cont. Sketch
  • The Chicago Arch - LC
  • Chicago Procession - Harper's Weekly 5-27-65
  • Entering the City Hall - CHS
  • The People at City Hall - CHS
  • The Catafalque in City Hall - Harper's W. 5-20-65
  • Chicago & Alton Locomotive No. 57. - ISHL
  • Railroad Timetable, Chicago to Springfield - ISHL
  • Notice of Observance Ilion
  • Memorial Paradeat San Francisco - Soc. of Calif. Pioneers
  • Memorial Service at Bloomington - CHS
  • Services in London, England - London Ill. News May 1865

Part V: Funeral at Springfield (Volume 3)
  • The Chicago Delegation - ISHL
  • Lincoln Herndon Law Office - Georg Studio
  • Illinois State House - ISHL
  • The Unused Tomb - ISHL
  • Draped Lincoln Home - ISHL
  • Draped Lincoln Parlor - ISHL
  • Official Pass - ISHL
  • Just Completed Catafalque - ISHL
  • Second View Catafalque - ISHL
  • Filing Into State House - ISHL
  • Waiting to Enter - ISHL
  • Across from the State House - ISHL
  • Filing Past the Catafalque - Harper's Weekly 5-27-65
  • Front of Lincoln Home - NPS
  • "Old Bob" - ISHL
  • Draped House and Horse
  • Order of Procession to Oak Ridge - ISHL
  • The Borrowed St. Louis Hearse - ISHL
  • The Forming Procession - LNLF
  • Route of the Procession
  • Plan of Oak Ridge - ISHL
  • The Gate at Oak Ridge - ISHL
  • General View of Oak Ridge - ISHL
  • Awaiting the Procession - NYHS
  • The Temporary Tomb - ISHL
  • The Services - ISHL
  • Contemporary Sketch
  • Directors of the Monument Association - ISHL
  • Closeup of the Vault - ISHL
  • Interior of the Temporary Tomb - ISHL
  • The Present Tomb - Ill. Inf. Ser.
  • Exterior of Present Tomb - Georg Studio
  • Mary Todd Lincoln - NPS
  • Thomas (Tad) Lincoln - ISHL
  • Bishop Simpson - ISHL
  • Interior of Catacomb as left by Thieves (From John Carroll Power)
  • Funeral Procession Entering Oak Ridge Cemetery - NYHS

Collection

Abraham Lincoln collection, 1845-1902 (majority within 1856-1865)

26 items

The Abraham Lincoln collection contains 15 letters and documents written by Lincoln and 11 letters concerning Lincoln or the Lincoln family.

The Abraham Lincoln collection contains 26 items by or pertaining to Abraham Lincoln, and spanning [ca. 1845] to 1865, with the bulk of materials concentrated in the years 1856 to 1865. See the "Detailed Box and Folder Listing" for an inventory of the items.

Collection

Anthony Wayne family papers, 1681-1913

7 linear feet

The Anthony Wayne family papers contain correspondence, diaries, documents, and accounts relating to several generations of the Wayne family of Pennsylvania. Of particular note is material concerning Anthony Wayne's service in the American Revolution and the Northwest Indian War, and William Wayne's service with the 97th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment in the Civil War. The Manuscripts Division has created a list of the names of the letter-writers in the collection: Wayne Family Papers Contributor List.

The Correspondence and Military Documents series (Volumes 1-17) contains approximately 1,450 items (3.5 linear feet), spanning 1756-1853, and arranged chronologically. The bulk of the series is correspondence, but it also contains various types of documents, including legal materials, military returns, land surveys, and lists.

Anthony Wayne

The 18th-century material in the collection (Volumes 1-10) relates primarily to the career of Anthony Wayne, including his surveying activities; acquisition and maintenance of a plantation near Savannah, Georgia, and the activities of Native Americans in its vicinity; service in the Revolutionary War; and leadership as commander-in-chief of the Legion of the United States during the Northwest Indian War. It includes incoming correspondence from numerous notable government and military officials, as well as a considerable amount of Wayne's outgoing correspondence and memoranda.

A portion of materials in the collection shed light on Wayne's activities and opinions during the American Revolutionary War, in which he served as a brigadier general. On November 22, 1777, Wayne wrote to Thomas Wharton, the "president" (i.e., governor) of Pennsylvania, on the subject of recruitment, arguing that allowing the hiring of substitutes and the paying of an "enormous bounty" would hinder efforts to attract soldiers. He also discussed the importance of uniforms to morale, arguing that they caused "a laudable pride which in a soldier is a substitute for almost every other virtue." Additionally, Wayne exchanged several letters with a friend, Colonel Sharp Delany, in which they discussed various war-related matters. On July 26, 1780, he provided a defense of his raid on Bull's Ferry, which failed and resulted in substantial American casualties. Other letters pertain to Wayne's injury from a musket-ball lodged in his thigh (November 12, 1781), his uniform (May 10, 1783), and the concerns of Savannah merchants who feared the loss of protection after the British evacuation (June 17, 1782). Also of interest is a memorandum spanning the dates June 20, 1777-October 21, 1780, in which Wayne gave his criticisms of the decisions of the Executive Council and of the Continental army in Pennsylvania, and complained of demoralization of the troops, especially the Pennsylvania Line.

A large number of letters and documents, particularly in the late 1780s, pertain to Wayne's rice plantation in the vicinity of Savannah, called Richmond and Kew, which was given to him by the state of Georgia for his wartime service there. Wayne took out large loans in order to revive the estate in 1785, two years after he left it "in a depreciating state" (June 29, 1783) to return to Pennsylvania. Wayne's letters describe his great difficulty in purchasing affordable slaves to work the land, his efforts to produce and sell rice and corn, and the scarcity of currency in Georgia, which compounded his troubles turning a profit. The papers also document Wayne's struggle to repay his loans and his dispute with his creditors, which became particularly intense in 1787, and resulted in his loss of the plantation in 1791. On that subject, he wrote, "I have been in treaty with my Persecutors" (March 1, 1791). His primary correspondents on these matters were William Penman, James Penman, Adam Tunno, Samuel Potts, Sharp Delany, and Richard Wayne.

Several items during this period also refer to the ongoing conflict between white settlers in Georgia and Native Americans there. One letter to Wayne from Benjamin Fishbourn concerns a Creek uprising in Georgia, during which the natives burned homes and absconded with corn and rice ([October 1786]). Although Wayne claimed that "the Indian depredations in this State have been so much exaggerated as to deter any purchasers" (February 20, 1788), he nonetheless kept track of many strife-filled incidents. On October 7, 1788, he wrote, "We are all confusion here on account of the Indians and Spaniards - the first carrying off our Negroes and other property - the latter Countenancing and protecting them!" He also described the imprisonment of his tenants by Native Americans (October 7, 1788), the abandonment of plantations by white settlers out of fear of "depredations" by natives (December 5, 1788), and the arrival of troops in the south to challenge the Creeks (December 5, 1791). On October 21, 1789, he wrote that he and his neighbors expected an "Indian war" at any time. After Wayne left the south permanently, he continued to receive periodic reports on conflicts between natives and white settlers, including an attack on Creeks at "Buzzard Town," during which whites killed and imprisoned many natives, as described in letters dated October 26 and December 17, 1793. Also of interest is a list of settlements in the Upper and Lower Creek Nation, including towns and villages called "The Buzzard Rost," "New Youga," "Swagelas," and "Cowetaws" (July 2, 1793).

The collection also documents several aspects of Anthony Wayne's political career, and includes his notes on the Constitutional Convention, including his assertion that "The Constitution is a Dangerous Machine in the hands of designing men" (filed at the end of 1788). Also of note are his several letters to President George Washington, requesting favors for himself and his friends, and a letter describing Washington's visit to Savannah, during which Wayne escorted him around the city (May 18, 1791). Well-represented is the conflict between Wayne and James Jackson over the election of 1791 for a seat in the 2nd United States Congress to represent the 1st District of Georgia.

A large portion of the collection concerns Wayne's prosecution of the Northwest Indian War as commander-in-chief of the newly created Legion of the United States between 1792 and 1796. Early letters and documents record the Legion's travel across Pennsylvania, gathering recruits en route (June 8, 1792); the smallpox inoculations for the soldiers (July 6, 1792); the arrangement of men into sublegions (July 13, 1792); Secretary of War Henry Knox's decision to delay operations until after the winter (August 7, 1792; August 10, 1792); and the foundation of Legionville, Pennsylvania, the first formal military basic training facility in the United States (November 23, 1792). Numerous letters concern military administration, including provisioning, appointments and promotions, furloughs, and other routine matters. Discipline of the troops was also a frequent concern, and Wayne and his correspondents frequently made references to desertion, disciplinary measures, the distribution of whiskey as a reward for successful target practice, and courts martial. Examples of the latter include the court martial of Captain William Preston, whom Wayne called "a very young Officer-with rather too high an idea of Equality" (June 25, 1795); the case of a private, Timothy Haley, who was convicted but released under pressure from the civil courts (July 1, 1795); and the proceedings against Lieutenant Peter Marks for "ungentleman and unofficer-like conduct" (July 20-21, 1794). A booklet covering July 19-August 2, 1793, contains a number of court martial proceedings, for such offenses as drunkenness while on guard duty and use of abusive language.

The correspondence and documents created during this period also shed some light on various Native American tribes in the Midwest and their encounters with Wayne's forces. In a letter to Wayne, Henry Knox frets over the yet-unknown fate of Colonel John Hardin, who died in an ambush by the Shawnee (August 7, 1792).

Also addressed are the following conflicts:
  • Attack on Fort Jefferson by a Potawatomi force (September 9, 1792)
  • Attack on a forage convoy near Fort Hamilton by Native Americans (September 23, 1792)
  • Attack on Fort Washington, resulting in the capture of three prisoners by native forces (October 2, 1792)
  • Attack on Fort St. Clair by 250 Native Americans under Little Turtle (November 6, 1792)
  • Skirmishes with Native Americans in southern Ohio (October 22, 1793) in which "the Indians killed & carried off about 70 officers leaving the waggons & stores standing"

Also of interest is a description by Israel Chapin of a Six Nations council at "Buffaloe Creek," which lists some of the attendants: "the Farmer's Brother, Red Jacket and Capt Billy of the Senkas; the Fish Carrier, head Chief of the Cayugas,; Great Sky head chief of the Onondagas; and Capt Brandt of the Mohawks; and great numbers of inferior Chiefs" (December 11, 1793). On January 21, 1794, Wayne voiced his suspicions concerning peace overtures from "Delaware, Shawanoes and Miami tribes" and accused them of buying time in order to "secure their provisions, and to remove their women and children from pending distruction." Jean-Francois (sometimes known as John Francis) Hamtramck, commandant of Fort Wayne, wrote very informative letters to Wayne, discussing the Native American traders in the area and the possibility of starting a trading house at Fort Wayne (February 3, 1795), the arrival of Potawatomi at the Fort (March 5, 1795), and a meeting with the Le Gris, chief of the Miamis, whom he called a "sensible old fellow, in no ways ignorant of the Cause of the war, for which he Blames the Americans, saying that they were too extravagant in their Demands in their first treaties" (March 27, 1795).

The Battle of Fallen Timbers receives only minor attention in the collection in the form of letters, expressing praise for Wayne's victory, from army paymaster Caleb Swan (October 19, 1794) and Francis Vigo (February 22, 1795). However, efforts to end hostilities are well documented with such items as a copy of the Treaty of Greenville (August 3, 1795), Wayne's account of the signing and its impact on various tribes and their leaders (August 14, 1795), and letters from several civilians requesting help in locating family members captured by Native Americans (June 1, 1795; July 27, 1795).

Isaac and William Wayne

After Anthony Wayne's death in December 1796, the focus of the series shifts to his son, Isaac Wayne, and then to Wayne's great-grandson, William Wayne (née William Wayne Evans); the activities of the two men occupy much of the material in Volumes 11-16. Early letters mainly pertain to the family matters and finances of Isaac Wayne, including the ongoing settlement of his father's estate and various claims against it. Several items relate to his career, including an acceptance of the resignation of a soldier from Erie Light Infantry Company during the War of 1812 (March 27, 1813), and a circular letter urging support for his candidacy for governor of Pennsylvania (October 3, 1814), which was ultimately unsuccessful. Other topics include his refusal of a nomination to Congress (February 1824); requests for information about his father by historians and biographers; the August 1828 death of his son Charles, who served in the navy; and other political and family matters discussed by Wayne. His primary correspondents include William Richardson Atlee, Charles Miner, Callender Irvine, Samuel Hayman, and various members of Evans family, to whom he was related through his sister Margaretta.

The bulk of the letters postdating 1850 relate to William Wayne. Early correspondence concerns his courtship with his future wife, Hannah Zook, in 1852, the death of Isaac Wayne on October 25, 1852, and various social visits and family concerns. On March 14 and 15, 1860, Wayne wrote to his wife about travel through Pittsburgh, Cleveland, and Erie to Meadville, Pennsylvania. Though he stayed in the prominent Monongahela House, he described Pittsburgh as a "dirty village," and unfavorably compared the "Western Penitentiary" to its counterpart in Philadelphia, "the Castle on Cherry Hill." He noted that Cleveland "is said to be the handsomest City in the Union," but reserved his opinion on this point.

The collection also contains six letters written by Wayne during his Civil War service with the 97th Pennsylvania Infantry. On June 27, 1862, he wrote to his wife from James Island, South Carolina, concerning his regiment's role in building fortifications and mounting guns. He also commented on General George McClellan and his cautious strategy. Wayne wrote the remainder of the letters from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. On October 13, 1862, three days after the Confederate raid on Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, Wayne wrote about rumors concerning "the movements of 'secesh' along our border" in what he suspected was an attempt to interfere with the election of 1862. In another letter, he expressed disappointment that he had arrived at camp too late to accompany a group of new recruits to Washington (November 3, 1862). Of interest are four letters from Wayne's friend, Joseph Lewis, which relate to Wayne's attempt to resign from the army, as well as five items relating to General Galusha Pennypacker. The Pennypacker correspondence includes a sketch of his service, written by Edward R. Eisenbeis (December 24, 1865), and letters concerning his recovery from severe wounds received at the Second Battle of Fort Fisher in 1865. Also of interest are several postwar letters to and from General George A. McCall concerning his meetings with Wayne.

The Manuscripts Division has created a list of the names of the letter-writers in the collection: Wayne Family Papers Contributor List.

The Letter Books series contains three volumes of Anthony Wayne's outgoing military correspondence. The periods covered are June 4, 1792-October 5, 1793 (Volume 30), April 12, 1792-June 21, 1794 (Volume 31), and October 23, 1793-September 20, 1794 (Volume 32). The letters are official and semi-official in nature and pertain to army administration, encounters with Native Americans, troop movements, provisioning, and other topics.

The Land Documents series (Volume 17) contains land indentures, surveys, and deeds relating to several generations of the Wayne family, 1681-1879. This includes numerous documents relating to the Waynesborough estate and illustrating its possession by various family members. The surveys pertain to such matters as the line between Easttown and Willistown in Pennsylvania, several surveys performed for James Claypool in Chester County, Pennsylvania, and a drawing (including several trees) of the land of James Rice. Also included is a vellum land indenture dated October 3, 1732, between Anthony Wayne's father, Isaac, and a widow named Mary Hutton.

For other land documents, see the following surveys by Anthony Wayne in the Correspondence and Documents series:
  • Land in Tredyffrin Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania (December 15, 1764)
  • Wayne property in Easttown and Willistown, Pennsylvania (January 12, 1767)
  • Newtown, Chester County, Pennsylvania (January 12, 1767)
  • Waynesborough, Chester County, Pennsylvania ([ca. 1784])
  • Survey notes on a tract of land reserved by Wayne on the Little Setilla River, Georgia (July 23, 1786)

The Other Legal Documents series (Volume 17) spans 1686-1868 and contains wills, inventories, certificates, financial agreements, and other document types. Included are several documents related to the death of Samuel K. Zook, brother-in-law of William Wayne, at the Battle of Gettysburg on July 2, 1863; certificates related to the Ancient York Masons, Pennsylvania Society of the Cincinnati, and the American Philosophical Society; and several articles of agreement concerning financial transactions between various members of the Wayne family. Also of note are the wills of Anthony Wayne, Mary (Penrose) Wayne, Elizabeth Wayne, William Richardson, and others.

The Diaries and Notebooks series (Volumes 17-20) contains 19 diaries and notebooks written by various members of the Wayne family between 1815 and 1913. Of these, Charles Wayne wrote one volume, an unknown author wrote one, William Wayne wrote ten, and William Wayne, Jr., wrote seven. The books have been assigned letters and arranged in chronological order. The Charles Wayne notebook, labeled "A," covers 1815-1816 and contains algebraic equations and notes from Charles' lessons at Norristown Academy in Pennsylvania. Volume "B," written by an unknown author, dates to about 1820 and contains a number of medicinal cures for ailments such as cholera, snakebite, consumption, jaundice, and dysentery, as well as notes on the weather and references to agriculture and a few daily events.

William Wayne, the great-grandson of Anthony Wayne, wrote volumes "C" through "L," documenting the years 1858 to 1872, with a gap from November 11, 1861-August 13, 1862. The volumes record Wayne's pre-Civil War agricultural pursuits, his service with the 97th Pennsylvania Infantry, and his postwar activities. Of particular interest are the entries that Wayne wrote while posted on Hilton Head Island in August 1862, as well as his brief descriptions of the arrival and processing of recruits at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, in October of the same year. He also referenced Pennsylvania politics, the elections of 1863 and 1864, and the reaction of Philadelphians to the news of Lincoln's assassination. Also worth noting are Wayne's accounts of the Confederate cavalry raids on Chambersburg in November 1862, the Gettysburg campaign, and Wayne's attempts to recover the body of his brother-in-law after Gettysburg. Postwar, Wayne wrote on such topics as Reconstruction (August 14, 1866), a cholera outbreak in New York (November 4, 1865), and election fraud and rioting in Philadelphia (October 14, 1868).

William Wayne, Jr., wrote diaries "M" through "S," 1883-1913, with a gap between September 30, 1902, and April 19, 1911. These contain near-daily brief entries on weather, family life, health, and Wayne's interest in politics. Included is a description of an unveiling of a Sons of the Revolution monument (June 19, 1893), the illness of his wife, Mary (Fox) Wayne (February 28, 1884), and Wayne's work during an election (February 19, 1884).

The Account Books series contains 24 volumes, spanning 1769-1856. The earliest volume ("A") covers approximately 1769 to 1780, and contains accounts for unknown transactions, as well as scattered memoranda concerning travel between Ireland and North America and several references to schooling. Volume "B" is Anthony Wayne's military account book for 1793-1794, which lists monthly pay to various members of the Legion of the United States. Volumes "C" through "S" encompass a large amount of financial information for Anthony Wayne's son, Isaac, for the years 1794-1823. Volumes "T" through "X" are overlapping financial account books for William Wayne, covering 1854 through 1877. Also included is an account book recording tannery transactions and activities of the Wayne family in the 18th century (Volume 29), and a book of register warrants drawn by Anthony Wayne on the paymaster general in 1796 (Volume 34)

The Anthony Wayne Portait and Miscellaneous series contains an undated engraved portrait of Wayne by E. Prud'homme from a drawing by James Herring. Also included are various newspaper clippings, genealogical material, and printed matter representing the 19th and 20th centuries.

Collection

John E. Boos collection, 1860-1988, 2005

Approximately 1,200 manuscripts (3.25 linear feet)

The John E. Boos collection consists of over 1,200 personal manuscript recollections or brief notes by persons who met or saw Abraham Lincoln and by persons who experienced the Civil War. John Boos, of Albany, New York, solicited and compiled most of these reminiscences in the early 20th century. In addition to this finding aid, the Clements Library has created a comprehensive writer index, which identifies each contributor to the collection: John E. Boos Collection Writer Index.

The John E. Boos collection consists of over 1,200 personal manuscript recollections or brief notes by persons who met or saw Abraham Lincoln and by persons who experienced the Civil War. John Boos solicited and compiled most of these reminiscences in the early 20th century. The collection is arranged in four series: Bound Volumes (compiled by and bound for John Boos), Unbound Volumes (binders apparently compiled by John Boos, but never bound), Loose Items, and one Book.

Boos collected autographs and reminiscences on uniquely sized 6.5'' by 9'' paper, and he instructed those he was soliciting to leave a wide 1.5'' left margin for binding. All but one volume in Series I are bound collections of this Boos-standard paper and most contributors in Series II and III contributed a note or autograph on the same size paper.

John Boos's interviewees related an almost uniform admiration or reverence to the President and his memory. Within the first binder of Series II, for example, William Strover (who was not a Civil War veteran, and who never met Lincoln) remarked: "I consider him the greatest man that has come upon the earth since Jesus Christ, and surely the greatest American that lived." Such high praise is featured throughout the entire collection. One example expressing disdain for Abraham Lincoln is a November 24, 1930, letter by Confederate and Presbyterian minister Milton B. Lambdin, who was skeptical about Boos' intent in contacting him. He suspected that Boos made the connection on account of a multi-issue article Lambdin produced for the Confederate Veteran (1929) titled "A Boy of the Old Dominion..."

Series I: Bound Volumes, 1931-1970

Eight of the nine volumes contained in this series are letters and reminiscences compiled by Boos. The volumes revolve around individual persons or themes, including the Lincoln-Douglas debates; Lincoln's assassination; Lincoln's guards; General George H. Thomas, a leading figure in the Western theater of the Civil War who retired to Troy, New York; Johnson Brigham, a fellow Lincoln enthusiast who met the President on several occasions; and the story of Confederate General George Pickett as told by his wife, La Salle Corbell Pickett; and a selection of "Mr. Lincoln's Soldiers."

Boos interspersed the manuscript and typed accounts with ephemeral items and his own narratives of relevant events. He frequently provided an overall account of the volume's theme (usually with lengthy quotations from his correspondents) before presenting the reminiscences and a brief biography of each contributor. In his introductions to these personal accounts, Boos sometimes included a narrative of how he had met and interviewed the individual or linked the person's memories of Lincoln to similar ones. Most of the volumes include a title page, dedication, illustrations, and an index.

The accounts in these bound volumes differ in length, tone, and detail, but they provide insight into how a variety of individuals remembered the Civil War and Abraham Lincoln more than a half-century after the fact. Many of his contributors were Union Army veterans, but he also tracked down individuals who witnessed the Lincoln-Douglas debates as children, Mrs. M. O. Smith who saw Lincoln at Gettysburg,a Confederate soldier, several of Lincoln's personal guards, an actress who had performed in Our American Cousin the night Lincoln was shot (Jeannie Gourley), a man who was in the same Ford's Theater box as Lincoln and who was stabbed by John Wilkes Booth (Henry Rathbone), and the man who recorded the testimony of witnesses to the assassination (James Tanner). The accounts address subjects ranging from the President's dress and style of speaking to the contributors' reflections on his legacy and greatness.

One bound volume, inscribed to John E. Boos by its creator Bernhardt Wall, contains etchings of locations in New York State visited by Lincoln. Three letters from Wall to Boos are enclosed in this 1938 volume.

Series II: Unbound Volumes (extracted from binders), 1905-1941

Series II includes the contents of 13 binders, arranged roughly into thematic categories, apparently by Boos himself (likely with the intention of binding them as he did with the letters in Series I). The order of pages within the binders has been maintained in its present housing.

Boos placed each incoming letter, reminiscence, or autograph into a top-loading page protector with related materials. In some volumes, for example, Boos matched each manuscript with his own typed or handwritten notes, which variously included the veteran's name, where they saw Lincoln, regimental information, where Boos met the veteran, and Boos's impressions of the individual. Boos wrote many of these notes on the back of scrap paper, such as advertising mail received by Boos or sample primary election ballots (some of the scrap paper contains illustrated letterheads).

Binders 1-3: Lincoln's Soldiers (3 binders, 1905-1927). Lincoln's Soldiers largely consists of letters sent to Boos, many with their envelopes still attached. Most contributors utilized Boos-provided paper, though some utilized their own stationery. Despite its title, "Lincoln's Soldiers" is comprised of letters by civilians and soldiers alike. Many contributors had met President Lincoln, and Boos collected as much information as possible about those encounters. Others were unable to meet Lincoln, but shared vivid memories of their times in Andersonville Prison, or interactions with other famous leaders, such as General Sherman (W. H. Jennings) and General Grant (J. E. Parmelee). Some documented their efforts to preserve Lincoln's memory or their involvement in Veteran's organizations.

Binders 4-7: I Saw Lincoln (4 binders, 1911-1928). The bulk of the contributors to I Saw Lincoln met or saw Lincoln during his presidency; a smaller portion interacted with him prior to the presidency; and others saw him while lying in state or en route to Illinois in 1865. The I Saw Lincoln group includes Boos's incoming correspondence and autographs he personally collected while traveling. Glowing praise of Lincoln continues throughout these binders, including an anecdote by Daniel Webster (of Salem, Oregon), in which he described how he was "near being mobbed" in Arkansas in 1871 for calling Lincoln "the brightest star in the galaxy of American statesmen and patriots."

Binder 8: Antietam (1 binder, 1912-1937). The soldiers represented in Antietam were present at the battle; some provided descriptions of the confrontation, though the writers do not all focus on the event. Antietam is notable for having the longest continuous example (in the unbound portion of the collection) of prose by Boos, in which he described the battle and his meetings with the veterans.

Binders 9-11: Lincoln's Soldiers and Where They Saw Him (3 binders, 1911-1933). contains accounts from soldiers who saw Lincoln and soldiers who did not. This group includes a significant number of contributions by soldiers who guarded the President's remains.

Binder 12: Autographs of Abe Lincoln's Soldiers (1 binder, 1910-1917). This binder contains signatures of soldiers, with very brief notes on each veteran. Boos apparently revisited the binder at a later dated and added death dates.

[Unnumbered Binder]: [Additional Lincoln's Soldiers] (1 binder, 1911-1937). This binder includes accounts similar to those found in binders 9-11.

Series III: Loose Items, 1904-1949

This series is comprised of nearly 200 loose letters, disbound book pages, and notes. Many of these items were either part of one of the Clements Library's pre-2015 accessions, or were included with the Dow collection in unarranged binders. The bulk of the series is letters to Boos containing memories of Lincoln. The accounts provided by these eye witnesses include memories of the Gettysburg Address, Lincoln's assassination, hospital visits by the President, his 1860 Cooper Union speech, the Lincoln-Douglas debates, and general memories of the Civil War period. The contributors include veterans, Ford's Theater attendees on the night Lincoln was shot, the daughter of Mary Todd Lincoln's personal nurse (Ealine Fay), and a woman who sang in the choir for the ceremony at which Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address (M. O. Smith). This series contains letters by Jennie Gourlay Struthers and James Tanner, who are also represented in the Then a Nation Stood Still volume in Series I.

The series includes writings and other materials that shed light on John E. Boos's collecting practices and editing processes and a 1924 letter from Congregational minister William E. Barton to Walt Whitman expert Emory Holloway, with comments on the growing cult of memory surrounding Lincoln.

A folder of manuscripts and photocopies pertain to Grace Bedell, who is credited with convincing Lincoln to grow his whiskers. These items include photocopies of letters Bedell exchanged with Boos, original letters between Boos and Bedell's heirs, and letters between Boos and Congressman George Dondero, who at one point owned Bedell's original letter to Lincoln.

The Loose Items series also contains correspondence of Donald P. Dow, photocopies of Boos materials offered for sale, and photocopies of letters not present in the Clements Library's collection.

Series IV: Book. A publication containing 103 John Boos letters has been added to the collection: Rare Personal Accounts of Abraham Lincoln, ed. By William R. Feeheley and Bill Snack (Cadillac, Mich.: Rail Splitter Pub., 2005).

In addition to this finding aid, the Clements Library has created a comprehensive writer index, which identifies each contributor to the collection: John E. Boos Collection Writer Index.