Collections

The collection documents the history of Saint Charles, Michigan, the Bad and Shiawassee rivers, canals, steamboats, sawmills, public waterways and routes, coal mines, river restoration, and the Greve family.

This is an excellent local history collection of Saint Charles, Michigan, 1800-2011, collected, researched and created by a local historian and researcher, Dale Greve, from 1980 through 2011. The collection documents the history of Saint Charles, Michigan, the Bad and Shiawassee rivers, canals, steamboats, sawmills, public waterways and routes, coal mines, river restoration, and the Greve family in research notes, scrapbooks, maps, reminiscences, photographs, newspaper clippings, reel-to-reel tapes, videos, archaeological surveys and studies, articles, and mitigation plans and project reports.

The collection is organized first by size with oversized materials placed at the end of the finding aid. Letter-size materials are in Boxes 1-23 and legal-sized materials are in boxes 24-27 and 29.Boxes 1-18 are each cubic foot boxes, 19-28 are .5 cubic foot and Box 29 is .25 cubic foot.

After size, the collection is organized by topic and format, and then alphabetically. Boxes 1-18 consist of materials previously in binders, documenting Saint Charles, the Bad and Shiawassee rivers route, canals, steamboats, and sawmills. Boxes 19-22 document the river route from Saginaw to Saint Charles, canals, coal mines, the Bad and Shiawassee rivers, the Greve family, houseboats, motor boating, fishing, the Saginaw Valley waterways, and river and steamboats charts, graphs, and history documented in a variety of formats. Box 23 consists mostly of river studies. Box 24 consists mostly of Greve’s original notes on his research. Boxes 25-26 include most of the Saint Charles history photographs, although some are found also in Box 19. Boxes 26-27 consist mostly of reminiscences on reel-to-reel tapes and videos.

The oversized Saint Charles materials include a volume on the Coal Mine Era in Saint Charles. The first two oversized folders include folder 1) mostly oversized photographs and other oversized related materials; and folder 2) mostly oversized maps and related materials.

2021 Addition: In 2021, boxes 28-29 and four oversized folders were added to the collection. These materials are arranged alphabetically. Box 28 contains St. Charles materials gathered by Dale Greve, including: interviews, maps, certificates, research notes, articles, a report, and a CD, Up River from Saginaw to St. Charles, a forgotten history, 2019. The majority of the collection is a gathered history report of St. Charles, 1822-2020. Additionally, there is a detailed report of the history of coal mines in St. Charles with location, details, and images of almost all the coal mines there. There are two typed transcriptions of 1982 oral history interviews of Aldo Hulien (1905-1986), probably conducted by Dale, and of Jeannette Mason (1890-1986), conducted by Aldo’s wife, Lillian Hulien (1907-1995), who adds her memories. (Their vital statistic dates from Social Security Death Index.)The interviewees tell their story and experience of what it was like living in St. Charles. There are no permission/release forms for these interviews in the collection. There are also maps and research notes composed by Greve of the Bad and Shiawassee Rivers.

Box 29 has legal-sized materials that include Abstracts, a letter, a list, and a story. The letter was written by Dale Greve and sent to Bob Przybyzski. The letter outlines all of Greve’s research on St. Charles mines, and his offer to help Przybyzski if he ever needed it (see Letter to Bob Przybyzski, 2017). The list is items compiled by Greve that were lost from the past and present in St. Charles (See Items Lost to the Village of St. Charles, Past and Present, 016). The story is nine pages long and is about the life of a St. Charles coal miner in 1929 (see St. Charles Coal miner’s life, 1929).

The four oversized folders, #3-6, include St. Charles architecture blueprints, maps, abstracts, a certificate, a graph, and a panorama. Folder 3) is a Certificate of First-Aid Training by the Bureau of mines for Charles Krause. Folder 4) has two blueprints, one of an engineer’s office from a mine and the other being the complete 1946 St. Charles sewer system. Folder 5) has a panoramic picture of Shiawassee Lake, a chronological timeline of St. Charles coal mines, and abstracts. Folder 6) has a map of the Bad and Shiawassee rivers routes and park plan for St. Charles.

D. H. Day Family Papers include: correspondence; photographs; land records; scrapbooks; scrapbook pages; student grade records; recollections; a wooden sign; newspaper clippings (copies); and personal materials.

The D. H. Day Family Papers, 1860,2009, and undated, contains correspondence, photographs, student grade records, scrapbooks, scrapbook pages, recollections, newspaper clippings (copies), a wooden sign, and personal materials about members of the extended Day family. The collection materials focus on D. H. Day I and Eva Farrant Day, Ida Farrant, D. H. Day II and Helen Gunckel Day, D. H. Day III, and Louis Warnes and Marion Day Warnes. Business and real estate related material include Glen Haven Canning Company, D. H. Day General Store, D. H. Day Sawmill, Oswegatchi Farm, and Day Forest. While the majority of the materials were created by members of the Day family, some were created by George Weeks for his research and books about the Glen Haven area. Correspondence between Weeks and various members of the Day family exists in this collection and the George Weeks Papers. Researchers may also be interested in the George Weeks Papers and his books about the Sand Dunes National Lakeshore area, and D. H. Day’s book Glen Lake Region, 1911, which are separately cataloged in the Clarke.

Collection includes information about the history of Michigan counties, forts, places, people, events, French men and Native Americans, and mining.

Collection materials include correspondence and reference requests on various Michigan historical topics, counties, forts, and people, as well as French men and three Ottawa chiefs he researched for the Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Most materials were collected between 1965 and 1967. Some materials are in French. Some materials are in French.

Oversized Materials: Map by Dept. of Conservation, Div. of Geological Survey, entitled Progress Structural Contours of the Mt. Pleasant Oil Field Area, Aug. 8, 1929, measures approximately 38x62 inches, is stained and acidic; and an undated, twentieth century reproduction of a New France, Canada Map entitled Le Canada, ou Nouvelle France, by N. Sanson, d'Abbeville, 1657, tinted in yellow, brown, and two shades of green, measures 10x14 inches, in the bottom margin it states "compliments of C. M. Burton, Detroit." The maps were separated from the boxes sometime prior to 1997. They were located, interfiled between published maps, in January 2015 by students working on a map scanning project, and were then processed by the Archivist Marian Matyn.

Processing Note: Originally, the maps were separated from the boxes sometime prior to 1997. They were located, interfiled between published maps, in January 2015 by students working on a map scanning project, and were then processed by the Archivist Marian Matyn.

Collection of research materials (mostly photocopies) of Dr. Charles E. Feltner. The collection’s focus is Great Lakes diving, maritime history (both American and Canadian), shipping history, and shipwrecks. Other major topics include 1905 and 1913 storms, insurance, marine casualties, merchant vessels, sailing, shipbuilding/construction, and underwater logging.

Dr. Charles E. and Jeri Baron Feltner Great Lakes Maritime History Collection, 1978, 2018 and undated, 17.5 cubic feet in 30 boxes and 3 oversized folders contains the research materials (mostly photocopies) of Dr. Charles E. Feltner. The collection’s focus is Great Lakes diving, maritime history (both American and Canadian), shipping history, and shipwrecks. Other major topics include 1905 and 1913 storms, insurance, marine casualties, merchant vessels, sailing, shipbuilding/construction, and underwater logging.

The photocopies are from numerous historical collections and/or research institutions housing the collections, almost always identified in detail by Dr. Feltner. If the source information was on or in the folder, it was retained during processing. Of particular note are copies from the Louden G. Williams collection, Historical Collections of the Great Lakes, Bowling Green State University.

The contents includes: articles, bibliographies, copies of manuscripts, correspondence, essays, geological surveys, information on diving on shipwrecks, rigging and masting, marine vessel enrollments, insurance, legislation, maritime genealogy bibliographies (American and Canadian), newspaper clippings, Old Mariners’ Church, Detroit, photographs (some of which are originals), reports, ship salvage, shipwrecks, vessel inspections, underwater archaeological surveys, underwater heritage research, U.S. Lighthouse and Life-Saving services, and Dr. Feltner’s original notes, correspondence and essays. Boats of particular interest in this collection include the Calypso, the Challenge, the Chicora, the Daniel J. Morrell (built in 1906, sank in 1966), the Edmund Fitzgerald, the Huron Brave (a fictitious ship), and the Lady Elgin. Included are also materials concerning Dick Race, Jacques Cousteau, and Peter Elias Falcon. Materials from corporate authors include Association of Canadian Lake Underwriters, Board of Lake Underwriters, Bureau of Navigation, Inland Lloyds, Institute of Marine Engineers, Lake Underwriters (this is the American underwriters), U.S. Customs Service, U.S. Lake Surveys, U.S. National Archives, and U.S. War Department Corps of Engineers. Many locations are documented in this collection. Major, but not inclusive, locations include Buffalo, NY, Chicago, IL, Cleveland, OH, Detroit, MI, Mackinaw City, MI, Milwaukee, WI, Ontario, Canada, Port Huron, MI, Presque Isle, MI, Sandusky, OH, Sault Saint Marie, MI, the St. Lawrence Seaway, and Thunder Bay.

Of particular note, rare insurance materials are included in the collection. Also of special interest are diving educator’s materials, a single slide of an artist’s drawing of the Daniel J. Morrell breaking up in 1966 (See Box 28 Wreck files…), meteorological wreck charts and shipwreck locations, ship model plans/ building, and notes on how to conduct research.

This collection is likely one of the top ten marine history research collection in the United States, complied from research collections in national and international historical institutions. Original variant spellings were retained in the box and folder listing.

The Photographs folder includes one image each of a Northern Line vessel, the Edmund Fitzgerald, and Goderion.

All items in Oversize Folder 1 measure 11x17 inches. All items in Oversized Folder 2 measure 11x15 inches. The contents of Oversize Folder 3 have varying measurements as noted in the box and folder listing.

Arrangement: Collection materials are organized by size, then alphabetically and chronologically within original order.

Cataloging Note for Marine Historians: Please note that pre-existing Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) do not match normal maritime designations, especially for ship designations ex. Chicora of 1895 (Steamship). Also, Enrollments is not an official LCSH. The Archivist provided the most descriptive finding aid and best cataloging possible for this collection, in consultation with Professor Jay Martin.

Processing Note: Duplicate copies and peripheral non-Michigan materials, both primary and secondary sources, and miscellaneous notes were withdrawn from the collection during processing, a total of 1 cubic foot. Acidic materials and poor quality photocopies were photocopied and the originals were withdrawn. All withdrawn materials and duplicates were returned to the donor as per the donor agreement, amounting to 9.5 cubic feet. 70 titles were separately cataloged. 17 items were added to the Michigan Vertical Files.

The papers include biographical materials of Beck, poems, ballads, and recordings of lumbermen songs.

His undated papers include typed copies of shanty-boy type songs, folk ballads, poems, and music that Beck collected, possibly in the 1930s, as well as two cassette recordings of his group singing lumberjack songs.

Two audiodisc recordings (ca. 1960?) of Beck talking about, singing and reciting various songs, and the three 2005 CDs made from the recordings, are also included. The recordings include a spoken introduction to each section by Beck who then sings or recites the songs. Tracks 1 and 2 are from Audiodisc #1 and Tracks 5 and 6 are from Audiodisc #2. Please note that only the CD labeled “Unprocessed Recordings of Earl C. Beck” plays in a CD player. The other two CDs apparently were used to create the playable CD.

Track 1: Ballads: ‘Barbara Allen’ (short and long versions) and ‘Little Mohee’ (11:11); Track 2: Ballads: ‘Barbara Allen’ (long versions) and ‘Little Mohee’ (10:14); Track 3: Miscellaneous chorus; chipmunks (Chip N Dale)? (0:22); Track 4: distorted voices (0:37); Track 5: Lullabies: ‘Little Old Sod Shanty’; Michigan Lumber Jack Songs: ‘Shanty Boy’ and ‘Pete Batiste’ (both recited) (7:37); Track 6: American Cowboy Songs: ‘Railroad Corral’, ‘Old Saddle’ (recited), and Round Up Time This Fall (verses recited, chorus sung) (8:52).

The collection contains mostly his research about the Chippewa, Ottawa, and Potawatomi versus the Regents of the University of Michigan, county history, biographical materials, maps, and papers of students.

The collection consists mostly of Dain’s materials relating to the Children of the Chippewa… versus the Regents of the UM trial, 1971-1980, including briefs, transcripts, orders, exhibits, depositions, his sworn statement, 1978, other legal documents, and newspaper clippings (copies); materials for county or city events he collected or helped create; papers of students or other people related to Michigan history; biographical materials; and some miscellaneous maps (copies). Other materials relating to the trial may be found in the Elmer White papers and in cataloged materials.

The collection includes 1960s photostatic copies and English transcripts of Fr. Richard’s correspondence and other materials.

The collection includes 1960s photostatic copies and English transcripts of Fr. Richard’s correspondence and other materials. There are no original Richard materials in the collection. The collection was probably copied from various archives including the Clements Library and the Library of Congress. Among the correspondents are other Catholic prelates, Francis Navarre, the Michigan Legislature, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, William Woodbridge, Alexander Fraser, and St. Anne’s Parish. The collection is arranged mostly chronologically.

Other papers (copies) include Richard’s last wills and testaments, October 1, 1806 and October 31, 1821; his inventory, 1833; a report about a fire in Detroit, 1809; petitions to the Michigan Legislature, including one promoting the education of Indians, 1809; papers about the Society of Catholic Schools in Michigan, 1815; and testimonies of court cases involving Fr. Richard, 1823.

Most of the letters and other papers were written by Fr. Richard in French. Topics cover political, religious, and educational matters and Detroit.

Information about and correspondence with Fr. Richard may also be found in the Richard digital project collection, Francis Navarre, St. Anne’s Church, and Charles J. Walker Collections in the Clarke Historical Library, as well as in numerous books. Item-level index cards are also available to assist researchers.

Digitized letters, legal documents, notes, honors, awards, certificates, ecclesiastical notes, sermons, small publications, images, and other materials created by or about Fr. Gabriel Richard, biographical materials, and project administration materials.

In 2018, at the behest of the Archdiocese of Detroit (AD), the Clarke Historical Library digitized letters, legal documents, notes, honors, awards, certificates, ecclesiastical notes, sermons and documents, small publications, images, and other materials created by or about Fr. Gabriel Richard. During processing the paper copies printed from the combined digitized project resulted in 16 boxes (7.75 cubic feet) of materials. Original manuscripts were in the Early Church Records and Gabriel Richard Collection, 1735-1835, 4 manuscript and 2 oversized boxes, housed at the Archdiocese of Detroit (AD) Archives, and the collection of Monsignor Edward J. Hickey, Chancellor of the Archdiocese, 1767-1976, 4 cubic feet, housed at Sacred Heart Major Seminary Archives (SHMSA), Detroit. This resulting collection also includes biographical material on Richard; finding aids for both original paper collections; spreadsheets (file naming lists) which list and describe the folder contents of both original collections linked with digital file folder numbers; and paper prints created from the watermarked JPEG files which were converted to PDF files. Please note that three folders listed on the spreadsheets were not given to the Clarke for digitizing, including: SHMSA Box 2 folders 1-2 and Box 8 folder 1. Part of the agreement with the AD is that the Clarke has permission to allow researcher’s access to the digital project collection paper prints only in our reading room, not online. The collection is mostly in English, although there are numerous letters and documents in French. Hickey transcribed letters in his collection from French into English. Some of the publications are in various combinations of English, French, Latin and German. The Clarke also has many hardcopy versions of most of the publications about Richard found in this collection. There is also a list of legal terms in Latin and a letter that might be in Dutch. There are some inconsistencies due to spelling in original documents. Copyright questions should be referred to the AD.

The collection is organized alphabetically by the name of the original collection. The folder labels are AD 1-1 or 1-2, indicating the first two folders in the original AD or SHMSA collection. Further description of each folder content has been added to this box and folder listing from the original finding aids to assist researches, but is not found on this collection’s labels in the boxes. Original folder listing continues in this collection’s boxes. For example, in this collection, Box #7 includes the last AD folders originally from AD Box 2. AD 2-30 through 2-33, and the beginning of the first Hickey box SHMSA 1-1 through 1-9.

Originally oversized materials were housed out of order in oversized boxes in both AD and SHMSA. As a result of digitizing all prints now fit into legal-sized folders. For example, oversized AD-13 is in folder AD-13, not in a separate folder or box marked as oversized items.

The Early Church Records and Gabriel Richard Collection, 1735-1835, 4 manuscript and 2 oversized boxes, is housed at the Archdiocese of Detroit (AD) Archives. The collection contains some of Father Richard’s papers as well as papers of other Detroit settlers. The appointment of Frederick Rese as the first bishop of Detroit is in the collection, as are documents relating to the parishes of St. Antoine in Monroe and St. Felicity in St. Clair Shoes. The collection documents the growth and development of the Catholic Church in Detroit in the late 18th and early 19th century.

In addition, the collection includes books thought to have been printed on Richard’s press and a few items that belonged to Father Richard.

The collection is organized in five series: I.Correspondence and Legal Documents, 1782-1834; II. Financial Records, 1802-1832, This series contains materials relating to the financial and business transactions of GR (both personal and on behalf of the Church of St. Anne) as well as private citizens in the Detroit area. Included are such items as promissory notes, ledger and accounting records, receipts and bills of sale.; III. Personal Papers and Notes, undated, The series has material relating to GR’s discussions of the theories and principles of various academic subjects.; IV. Printed Materials, 1735-1831, This series contains printed materials relating to GR’s work in the community as well as Detroit history. Included are US Congressional bills with provisions regarding efforts to educate and care for deaf-mutes.

The collection of Monsignor Edward J. Hickey, Chancellor of the Archdiocese, 1767-1976, 4 cubic feet, is housed at Sacred Heart Major Seminary Archives (SHMSA), Detroit. This material was transferred to the AD in 2017 and is on deposit there from SHMSA. The collection includes: artifacts and documents related to Father Gabriel Richard and the early history of the Diocese of Detroit. The collection may only be accessed with the permission of the SHMSA Library Director. Monsignor Hickey transcribed numerous original letters of Father Richard in French, and then translated them into English. There are also texts of speeches and talks given by Monsignor Hickey on the subject of Father Richard; pamphlets and articles by others on the life of Father Richard; a list of the books in the private collection of Father Richard; paintings, photographs and prints of Father Richard and important places in his life; and other material pertaining to Monsignor Hickey and his family. The collection mostly follows the original organization by Father [Earl] Boyea. The collection was inventoried by Steve Wejroch, Archivist for the Archdiocese of Detroit, in August 2017.

The collection is organized in eight series: Box 1: Articles on Gabriel Richard; Box 2: Gabriel Richard’s Correspondence; Box 3: Honors to Gabriel Richard, 1929-1948; Box 4: Honors to Gabriel Richard, 1949 – Present; Box 8: Richard Correspondence – Originals

Collection documenting Custer, the 7th Cavalry, the Battle of the Little Bighorn and resulting National Park and Cemetery, Native Americans, Reno's court martial and reburial, monuments, memorials, Custer family member, Custer's horse, and related topics.

The George A. Custer Collection covers a wide variety of material documenting Gen. George A. Custer, members of the 7th Cavalry, the Battle of the Little Big Horn, and the Battle of the Little Big Horn National Park and Cemetery, and Native Americans involved in the battle, in articles, clippings from newspaper and periodicals, maps, organizational materials, newsletters, photographs, postcards, drawings, broadsides, manuscripts, drafts of publications, song lyrics, and other materials that Frost, Kuhlman, Luther, and other Custer authors wrote, collected, researched, and discussed in their personal correspondence with each other.

The major Custer authors are well documented in this collection, including: Fred Dustin, Lawrence A. Frost, Tal Luther, and Charles Kuhlman. Biographies, obituaries (when available), and lists of their books from the CMU catalog have been included in their biographical folders to assist researchers.

There are so many interesting items in the Custer Collection, that it is hard to select a few for further discussion here to benefit researchers. It must be said that the collection covers every possible aspect of the Battle of the Little Big Horn and the roles of Custer and various Native Americans in it. Memorials, monuments, paintings, drawings, and plays about Custer and the Battle of the Little Big Horn are also documented. The materials in the collection varies from romantic, pro-Custer materials that are wholly to partially inaccurate, to book manuscripts and correspondence of authors offering a critical analysis of the actual facts as determined from personal observations of the battlefield and years of methodical research.

Some unique items of interest are a copy of the bill granting Mrs. Custer a pension, 1877 (from the Congressional Record); clippings on Custer Movies and TV Programs (for a laugh); articles about the artwork in the collection and the drawings and paintings (prints of) themselves; notes on and the Transcripts of the Reno Court of Inquiry, Stenographic Reports of Testimony (3 volumes in 3 folders); and various clippings and other materials regarding Custer’s horses, fellow officers and troopers, and Reno’s trial and eventual reburial. Manuscripts of books and the correspondence between Custer researchers and authors are also of interest to the serious Custer researcher.

An item of particular interest is the March 24, 1930 letter to Mr. Bruce from R.G. Custer, suggesting that Mr. Bruce not publish his “Comments” on the Battle of the Little Big Horn. Custer’s reason for this was that “Mrs. Custer is living-the same- Poor woman, she has suffered enough, “ It is obvious from this letter that serious Custer researchers knew by 1930, if not earlier, that the myths surrounding the Battle of the Little Big Horn were a joke. Yet, to avoid hurting Mrs. Custer feelings, and probably to avoid recriminations by the pro-Custer press and public, critical analysis of the battle and Custer’s role in it were, for the most part, suppressed until after Elizabeth Custer died in 1933.

Most of the Custer Collection in the Clarke Historical Library came from Tal Luther. His Custerania collection included: posters, drawings, prints, photographs, correspondence, notecards, the Kuhlman and Luther Papers, manuscripts and drafts of various publications by various authors, maps, periodicals, including oversized newspapers, and miscellaneous items. The vast majority of Custer-related books, now cataloged separately in the Clarke, also came from Luther.

Many of the newsletters and some periodicals in the Custer Collection were purchased separately by the Clarke on a subscription basis for a few years, after the bulk of the Luther collection had arrived.

Additional information on Custer related topics, not in this collection, may be found in the Clarke’s general vertical files and Lewis vertical files, and the postcards, photographs, and biographical portrait collections in the Clarke.

The collection is organized alphabetically and chronologically. Abbreviations and incorrect spellings in article titles are faithfully represented in the box and folder listing. For example, Little Bighorn is sometimes spelled Little Big Horn.

Processing Notes: Due to the extreme physical deterioration of many of the periodicals and articles in this collection, as well as some of the draft manuscripts of books and other materials, many items have been photocopied and the originals withdrawn from the collection.

A small collection of Mrs. George A. (Elizabeth) Custer’s was donated to the Clarke as part of Luther’s collection. When it was accessioned in 1983, the Elizabeth Custer collection was separately cataloged.

Most of the published books and serials that were part of the collection have been cataloged separately.

The organizational records include: an organizational history, bylaws, meeting minutes with attachments, staff and volunteer lists, magazine clippings (copies), photographs, and related materials.

The Organizational Records, 1970-2018, and undated, include: financial reports, grant information, organizational history, one lease agreement, list of staff and volunteers, meeting minutes (agendas and reports), newspaper clippings (copies), photographs, and one oversized scrapbook. The majority of the collections consist of both meeting minutes and financial reports. The collection is organized by alphabetically and chronologically. Although the ICDC was founded in 1969, the organizational records donated to the Clarke begin in the year 1970.

A copy of William Theunissen’s book Isabella Child Development Center, a history of the Center is separately cataloged in the Clarke.

Processing Note: One cubic foot of duplicate materials and acidic materials, were removed from the collection during processing. Copies of the acidic materials were retained within the collection.