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The William B. Franklin letter book is made up of approximately 500 copies of letters that Franklin wrote between 1857 and 1859. Many of the letters relate to Franklin's position as Secretary of the Lighthouse Board and concern the construction and maintenance of lighthouses.

The William B. Franklin letter book contains approximately 500 copies of letters that Franklin wrote while living in Washington, D.C., between November 21, 1857, and July 29, 1859. Several of the earliest letters concern his position as a superintending engineer for the construction of the customs house in Portland, Maine, including his approval for improvements, records of associated costs, and reports of payments he received from the Treasury Department. The majority of the letters pertain to Franklin's work as Army Secretary to the Lighthouse Board, discussing the establishment, protection, and maintenance of lighthouses, as well as related financial issues. Franklin often responded to inquiries about specific lighthouses and sometimes suggested improvements, occasionally accompanied by diagrams. He also discussed beacons, described the method of replacing lanterns (p. 269), and provided illustrated specifications for building a lantern room (pp. 491-494). The opening pages of the volume contain an index, in which Franklin noted the recipients and subjects of his letters.