Collections : [University of Michigan William L. Clements Library]

The Family travel photograph album contains approximately 335 photographs depicting the travels of an unidentified family to various locations in California, New Jersey, New York, Virginia, Washington, and British Columbia.

The The Family travel photograph album contains approximately 335 photographs depicting the travels of an unidentified family to various locations in California, New Jersey, New York, Virginia, Washington, and British Columbia. The album (19 x 28 cm) is partially disbound and has green burlap covers. Images include family snapshots primarily taken in Oakland, California (89 photographs in total), and East Orange, New Jersey (73 photographs in total); views of sights in Richmond (Virginia), Victoria (British Columbia), including many home interiors and exteriors, nurses and infants, family groups, and children in cribs and posed with dolls; photographs of parks and scenic views of Oakland; views of the battleships Vermont and St. Louis off the coast of Old Point Comfort, Virginia; and a street and waterfront view of New York City. Other photographs of interest include a light-hearted image of five women with their faces bursting through sheets of newspaper; views from locations in Virginia (Roanoke, Richmond, East Radford, Norfolk, and Jamestown), New York (Manhattan, Brooklyn, Schenectady, and Staten Island), Washington (Seattle and Big Lake), and California (Berkeley and Santa Catalina); White Fleet admiral Robley D. Evans in a carriage; and four real photograph postcards showing night views of San Francisco illuminated to welcome the Great White Fleet, May 6-17, 1908. Most photographs include manuscript captions indicating location and date.

This volume contains the financial records of an anonymous blacksmith from Bustleton, Pennsylvania, kept between January 8, 1851, and August 14, 1858. The records include customers' names, as well as the types of items purchased and the costs of individual goods and services.

This volume (193 pages) contains the financial records of an anonymous blacksmith from Bustleton, Pennsylvania, kept between January 8, 1851, and August 14, 1858. The records include customers' names, as well as the types of items purchased and the costs of individual goods and services. Most of the records relate to items made of iron, including bolts, spokes, and irons, and many reflect the construction of wagons or carriages and their component pieces, such as axles and seats. Some entries mention additional goods and services, which often related to wagon repair. Two frequent customers included Thomas Wistar (p. 119) and the Philadelphia County Prison (p. 108). In addition to these records, a note in the front of the volume records that the author "put the cow to pasture at Wm. White's July 31st 1854," and several entries at the back reflect small loans to various individuals. The volume also contains a recipe for black varnish.

The City of Boston Public Celebration July 4th, 1918, photograph album contains 81 photographs documenting Fourth of July celebrations that took place in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1918.

The City of Boston Public Celebration July 4th, 1918, photograph album contains 81 photographs documenting Fourth of July celebrations that took place in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1918.

The album (39 x 28.5 cm) is sting-bound and has gray cloth covers with "Photographs" stamped in gold on the front and black paper pages. The first page contains a handwritten label that reads "City of Boston July 4th, 1918." Most but not all images include handwritten captions. The album's contents are grouped into three sections marked by handwritten labels: “Patriotic Exercises,” “Sports and Pastimes,” and “The Parade in the Evening."

"Patriotic Exercises" begins on pg. 3 and contains 19 photographs. Images include several views showing Boston mayor Andrew James Peters overseeing flag raising exercises performed by uniformed U.S. Army soldiers on Boston Common; views of a floating stage at Frog Pond; three photographs of speakers at the Old State House including Rabbi Abraham Nowak, Mayor Peters, and Walter A. Whelan; and two photographs related to a speech by Judge Joseph J. Murley at Wood Park Island.

“Sports and Pastimes” begins on pg. 43 and contains 35 photographs. Images include numerous views of swimming and boat races held at the Charles River Basin; views showing a baseball game, brass band performance, and parading Naval Battalion at Wood Island Park; views of the “Italian populace,” “Italian societies,” and others at North End Park; views showing the distribution of ice cream at the Charles River Gym and Prince Street Playground; views of athletic competitions taking place at Boston Common including foot races and tug of war; and a view of bathers at City Point.

"The Parade in the Evening" begins on pg. 115 and contains 27 photographs. All of these images showcase participants in a parade procession and include views of U.S. Army troops and the 10th Massachusetts State Guard, various ethnic groups (including Latvians, Italians, Portuguese, Albanians, Chinese, Greeks, and Armenians), a coordinated group of children in formation as a "living flag," and the Mission Church Band.

The Railroad construction photograph album contains approximately 300 photographs taken by an unidentified railroad engineer showing construction projects on the White River Railway, Gordon & Fort Smith Railway, Wabash Southern Railraod, and the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railway in Northern Arkansas, southern Illinois, and Missouri.

The Railroad construction photograph album contains approximately 300 photographs taken by an unidentified railroad engineer showing construction projects on the White River Railway, Gordon & Fort Smith Railway, Wabash Southern Railraod, and the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railway in Northern Arkansas, southern Illinois, and Missouri.

The album (18.5 x 28 cm) has black cloth covers, and many of the photographs have manuscript captions. Photographs of interest include images of engineers' and contractors' camps on the Antoine River in Arkansas and the Big Muddy River near Zeigler, Illinois, including interiors and exteriors of tent offices and living quarters; work parties (one of which includes a Japanese man identified as "K. Okora") relaxing and eating in camp, using survey equipment, building concrete piers, operating grading machinery, unloading equipment, laying track, and repairing bridges and tunnels, including sections damaged by flooding. Also of note is a photograph labeled "G. M. Callaway on his speeder, 1907," showing a man riding a Fairbanks velocipede railroad handcar. Several family photographs are also present, showing the unidentified engineer who created the album and his wife in their tent "home" at Antoine River, Arkansas, and with their young child at home in Chicago. Additional photographs include street views from Carthage and Kansas City in Missouri as well as Chicago and Benton in Illinois. Also present are three images of Wabash Southern Railway maps that are affixed to the inside of the back cover.

Railroad employees identified in photographs include: R.C. Larimore, Geo. Gentry, J. F. Reidnaar, Ernest Cameron, K. Okora, Carlos Dunn, Don Bradley, Braun, Wherry, Humber, Guy Hardin, Jno. P. Sanderson, Dick Armstrong, H. W. Perstrup, Geo. N. Lampley, Roy Watson, W. R. Smith, H. Rohmer, S. L. Morrow, F. Hammond, and C. L. Moorman.

The Vermont and Connecticut photograph album contains approximately 60 photographs primarily showing scenes from Brattleboro, Vermont, and New London, Connecticut.

The Vermont and Connecticut photograph album contains approximately 60 photographs primarily showing scenes from Brattleboro, Vermont, and New London, Connecticut. The album (23 x 25 cm) has black cloth boards and is tied with a white cord. Brattleboro-related images include views of the arrival of a train carrying Spanish American War veterans, parade floats in the Brattleboro Fair, the town hall, Main Street, and the former studio of photographer Caleb L. Howe at the corner of Main and Elliot Street with a sign reading "Howe Photographer." New London-related images include views of Ocean Beach and the Soldiers and Sailors Monument. Also included are photographs of the interior and exterior of a house at "35 Western Ave.", other waterfront scenes, steamboats, and a mill in Hinsdale, New Hapmshire. Of particular note are two photographs of an acrobat performing on an outdoor stage. Many of the photographs are faded, with details partially or wholly obscured.

The Key West, Dry Tortugas album (10 x 12 cm) contains 14 collodion printing-out-paper prints consisting of architectural views of Fort Jefferson, Florida, portraits of government employees at Fort Jefferson and Key West, a view of Bird Key and a group of dairy cows on Key West.

The Key West, Dry Tortugas album (10 x 12 cm) contains 14 collodion printing-out-paper prints consisting of two exterior and seven interior views of Fort Jefferson, Florida, two group portraits of the "Commandant" with his brother and wife, a view of "Bird Key, near K[ey] W[est]", a group portrait of 25 men posed outdoors with the caption: "Govt. employees at Key West, Florida. All except 11 died, yellow fever, 1899.", and a picture of cows on a street captioned: "A walking dairy at Key West; the manner in which milk is delivered." Two photographs in mounts are labeled: "Burgert Bros., Key West, Florida.

The album has a half-cloth cover with floral cloth boards and the title "Photogs" imprinted in silver. Housed in a gray box.

This collection contains 4 Christian sermons written and delivered in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The sermons concern topics such as faith and salvation, circumcision, and the death of George Washington.

These 4 sermons were first delivered in or around 1773 (20 pages), 1784 (12 pages), 1799 or 1800 (16 pages), and 1807 (12 pages). The item dating from 1799 or 1800 is a funeral sermon for George Washington discussing his life, legacy, and death. The others concern topics such as circumcision, faith and unification in Jesus Christ, and salvation.

This impassioned speech about the dangers of intemperance, licentiousness, and infidelity was given at Polkville, New York, in May 1848. The currently unidentified orator warned against travelling exhibitions, theatre, sleight of hand, "modern ball room influence," and public singing.

This impassioned speech about the dangers of intemperance, licentiousness, and infidelity was given at Polkville, New York, in May 1848. The currently unidentified orator warned against travelling exhibitions, theatre, sleight of hand, "modern ball room influence," and public singing. They also make what may or may not be a reference to Dr. R. H. Collyer's "Model Artists" (pertinent to animal magnetism/mesmerism).

The author discussed the monetary profits of tavernkeepers, landlords, and rum-sellers, and also condemned those who indirectly supported liquor dealers through the support of balls, or dinners with oysters and cigars. The people who attended such gatherings were labelled as aiders and abettors. Within the speech is the motto "To the rescue of the World from the reign of King Alcohol."

The orator argued that the decline, crime, mutiny, and subsequent execution Philip Spencer (1823-1842) was the result of intemperance influenced by "The Pirate's Own Book." Other subjects mentioned include college life, party politics, and the need for all temperance supporters and societies to work together despite political and social differences.

The Philadelphia Merchant account book contains financial records for a Philadelphia merchant during the years leading up to the Revolutionary War. This merchant traded primarily in cloth and in finished clothing products, and held accounts with a number of women among his many customers.

The Philadelphia Merchant account book (168 pages) contains financial records for a Philadelphia merchant during the years leading up to the Revolutionary War (April 10, 1771-March 1, 1776). This merchant traded primarily in cloth and in finished clothing products, and held accounts with a number of women among his many customers. He primarily received goods from firms in London and the West Indies. Samuel Howell, also a merchant, was one customer, and the accounts also record the sale of several sets of gloves, among other items, to Lydia and Elizabeth Hyde, who had been active in the city's opposition to the Stamp Act. The account book reflects the deep ties North American merchants had to Great Britain, and often records accounts with firms operating out of London. Several of the book's entries also mention different cargo ships and their ports of call, including a number of locations in the West Indies. Though fabric dominates the accounts kept in this volume, at least one entry covered ordinary household expenses, including "Repairs pd. scraping the Rooms," "Expences pd. for 3 Pints black Sand," and "1 paper Ink powder" (June 29, 1771).

The New Hampshire travel diary concerns a journey taken by three men from Amesbury, Massachusetts, to Mount Washington and surrounding areas in central New Hampshire. The diarist recorded the names of towns visited by the party and described scenery and natural features.

The 24-page New Hampshire travel diary (September 12, 1894-September 26, 1894) concerns a journey taken by three men from Amesbury, Massachusetts, to Mount Washington and surrounding areas in central New Hampshire. The diarist recorded the names of towns visited by the party and described scenery and natural features.

Frank Hibbs, Dan Couch, and George Thomell traveled with two horses and a small dog. The diarist recorded the towns through which they passed and mentioned the group's nightly campsites. After traveling along New Hampshire's southeastern border with Maine, they went north and west through towns including Laconia, Campton, and Woodstock. They headed east around the mountains after reaching Franconia, bound for Mount Washington and, at the end of the diary, Tuckerman's Ravine. The travelers occasionally encountered acquaintances from Amesbury. The diary includes descriptions of historical sites and natural landmarks the group passed, including a 17th-century house (September 13, 1894, page 4), Vice President Henry Wilson's birthplace (September 13, 1894, page 5), the Old Man in the Mountain (September 21, 1894, page 17), Mount Washington (September 23, 1894, page 20), and Glen Ellis Falls (September 26, 1894, page 24). The diarist described the Flume Gorge near Franconia, New Hampshire, at length in his entry of September 20, 1894 (pages 13-15). The dates of 2 funerals held in 1911 are listed on a single page that follows the entries.

This collection is made up of over 40 printed reports, manuscript letters, and manuscript notes related to Clements R. Markham, a British geographer who traveled in South America and India in the mid-19th century. Among other subjects, the material concerns Markham's attempt to cultivate cinchona plants in India, as well as the Amazon basin and rainforest.

This collection is made up of over 40 printed reports, manuscript letters, and manuscript notes related to Clements R. Markham, a British geographer who traveled in South America and India in the mid-19th century. Among other subjects, the manuscripts concern Markham's attempt to cultivate cinchona plants in India, and it contains notes on the Amazon basin and rainforest.

The bulk of the collection pertains to Markham's work with Great Britain's India Office in the 1860s, including a lengthy printed report and supplementary memoranda about his efforts to introduce the cinchona plant, native to Peru, to India. Other reports and memoranda concern Indian coffee plantations, cotton production, oyster fisheries, and irrigation projects. The volume also includes descriptions of the Suez region, Abyssinia, and Bombay. Manuscript notes and translations in the back of the volume largely pertain to South America, including letters to Markham from an acquaintance in Lima, Peru, and notes on the missionary work of Antonio Machoni. Other manuscripts concern the Amazon region, cocoa plantations, the Napo River, and an Arctic expedition. The documents are calendared and indexed.

The Arizona photograph album contains 70 images taken by an unknown photographer showing scenes from Flagstaff, Arizona Territory, and the surrounding area.

The Arizona photograph album contains 70 images taken by an unidentified photographer showing scenes from Flagstaff, Arizona Territory, and the surrounding area. The album (21 x 31 cm) has black pebbled cloth covers and a leather spine. Images of interest include views of men visiting cliff dwellings near Flagstaff; a group visiting the Grand Canyon by carriage and horseback; past the John Hance house and trail; scenic shots of the Grand Canyon taken from the Grand View Hotel; trailside cooking; and a wagon breakdown on the return trip. Additional photographs show Timothy Riordan, president of the Arizona Lumber & Timber Company, and his family at the rustic Thomas' Hotel in Oak Creek Canyon; an excursion to the lava beds including amateur photographer Father Daniel McGillicuddy of Worcester, Massachusetts, who is shown setting up his camera among the rocks; 11 views of the 1902 Fourth of July celebrations in Flagstaff, with masked participants, horse-drawn floats, soldiers in formation, and the former homes of Michael and Timothy Riordan decked out in bunting. Also present are photographs of the home of Frederick Sisson, a manager with the Arizona Lumber & Timber Company, including views of a porch or interior decorated with Native American rugs, pottery, textiles, baskets, and animal skins.

The European Grand Tour journal recounts the experiences of two wealthy British travelers as they journeyed through France, Switzerland, and Italy throughout the second half of 1818.

The European Grand Tour journal (approximately 75 pages) recounts the experiences of two wealthy British travelers as they journeyed through France, Switzerland, and Italy throughout the second half of 1818. The author, a man named Moore, detailed the pair's itinerary and gave an extensive account of sightseeing, paying particular attention to the churches and cathedrals of France and to Italian art collections; his companion, Richard, often attended social functions and was introduced at court in Paris. Additionally, the writer frequently provided background information on the different locales he visited, and occasionally mentioned events from the recent Napoleonic wars, particularly during a visit to a French battlefield. In Switzerland, the travelers took an interest in local customs, including schooling and clothing -- in the August 22 letters, the diarist drew a sketch of a Swiss dress. After the travelers reached Italy, they focused more frequently on fine art, and the volume includes lists of the prominent art holdings in several palaces; it also notes visits to Da Vinci's The Last Supper in Milan and to the "Mona Elisa" in the "Nicoli Palace." The final entry was made on December 15, 1818, just after the author and his companion arrived in Rome.

The last section contains charts showing the value of German and French money for 1819, as well as several listings of German tariffs. Enclosures include a German hotel receipt addressed to "Grosvenor & Moore," other financial accounts, and several hotel advertisements. Several pages between late September and early October are blank, but enclosed notes cover that time period.

This volume contains a manuscript play prompt for the fairytale "Beauty and the Beast," drawn directly from Julia Corner's 1854 adaptation of the same tale.

This volume contains a manuscript play prompt for the fairytale "Beauty and the Beast," drawn directly from Julia Corner's 1854 adaptation of the same tale.

The text largely corresponds with Corner's adaptation, albeit with abbreviated or simplified stage directions. The text appears to have been written by one hand, with a pencil annotation at the end of the volume in a second hand, crediting the performance of this play to "some of the girls that go to Miss Lacy's School."

Although the location of Miss Lacy's School is unclear, the spelling within may indicate contemporary American rather than British expectations. The roles are for a merchant, the Beast, the merchant's daughters, Beauty, and a beneficent fairy with four attendants.

The Hawaii photograph album contains approximately 130 photographs, including snapshots and commercially produced prints, that document a trip to Hawaii in 1924.

The Hawaii photograph album contains approximately 130 photographs, including snapshots and commercially produced prints, that document a trip to Hawaii in 1924. The album (18 x 30 cm) has tapa cloth covers. Images include views of a row of submarines at Pearl Harbor; surfers on Waikiki Beach; the Laie Mormon Temple on Oahu; the steamships Matsonia and Haleakala; scenic waterfalls and coastal views; and shots of tourists picnicking, swimming at the beach, and posed wearing grass skirts.

The Canadian Evangelist journal chronicles the daily activities of an anonymous Protestant evangelist during a nine-month missionary journey from Quebec to Scotland and England. Both in Canada and abroad, the author made frequent visits to schools, prisons, taverns, and churches of different Christian denominations.

The Canadian Evangelist journal (94 pages) chronicles the daily activities of an anonymous Protestant evangelist during a nine-month missionary journey from Quebec to Scotland and England. Both in Canada and abroad, the author made frequent visits to schools, prisons, taverns, and churches of different Christian denominations.

The diary begins on October 25, 1848, in Quebec, and the first entries reflect the author's everyday activities, which included visiting local residents and collecting funds for an unnamed society. On November 5, 1848, he embarked for Glasgow, Scotland, on the Erromango. During the voyage, he preached to sailors and passengers, conducted Sunday church services, and spent much of his leisure time writing and reading. After his arrival in late November, he visited local prisons, asylums, and schools; distributed religious tracts in taverns and barbershops; and attended temperance meetings, particularly in London. The schools he visited included Hebrew institutions. On Sundays, he attended Protestant religious services, and he also commented on Catholic in Montréal and London (May 25, 1849). In addition to corresponding with numerous religious leaders and members of the peerage, he also composed essays addressed to local newspaper editors. While in Britain, the author visited Greenock, Glasgow, and Edinburgh, Scotland, and Liverpool, Manchester, Stockport, Birmingham, London, Uxbridge, Bristol, Bath, and Brighton, England. The author sailed from Glasgow to Montréal in August 1849, and arrived on August 31. The final entries concern the author's daily activities in Montréal until October 24, 1849.

This commonplace book, produced by an anonymous farmer from the Bucks County, Pennsylvania, region primarily contains passages relating to farming and husbandry. Along with farming accounts and documentation of livestock, agriculture, and dairy production, the commonplace book also features material on the Agricultural Society of Bath. Newspaper clippings comment on medicine, recipes, and farming. Illustrations of fences, sheep, floor plans, property drawings, and a detailed diagram of the "cropping plan" for 1826 appear in the volume.

The creator of the volume references European agricultural societies, data and agricultural systems, and popular agriculturalists, such as George Culley (1735-1813) and Charles de Lasteyrie (1759-1849). The volume provides detailed information on growing crops, managing soil, and tending to livestock.

The Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn Railroad photograph album consists of 43 photographs taken in various locations in Massachusetts most likely along the Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn Railroad line.

The Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn Railroad photograph album consists of 43 photographs taken in various locations in Massachusetts most likely along the Boston, Revere Beach & Lynn Railroad line. The album (39 x 29 cm) is hardbound with a green cover. Images include views of urban street scenes in several Massachusetts towns, including Lynn; railroad passenger stations; a trolley car; street car tracks; the Bay State House in Worcester, Massachusetts; various storefronts; a locomotive with a plow attachment; numerous horse-drawn carriages; a sign stating "Railroad crossing. Look out for the engine while the bell rings."; a woman identified by a handwritten caption as "Louise" posing outside of a carriage stable; and what appears to be either two horse cars or two electric automobiles parked on a street.

These Eighteenth-Century sermons pertain to numerous topics such as sin, repentance, and salvation.

Seven eighteenth-century Christian sermons concern numerous religious topics. Five are dated February 6, 1757-August 28, 1757; and 2 are dated August 17, 1760, and April 26, 1761. Each sermon is based on a Bible verse, usually in the New Testament, and most pertain to sin, repentance, and salvation. The undated item of copied Bible verses also has notes about baptism and the life and miracles of Jesus Christ. See the Detailed Box and Folder Listing for more information.

This collection contains documents, circular letters, essays, and newspaper clippings related to efforts to construct a suspended elevated railway in New York City. The collection details the technical aspects of the proposed system and provides contemporary perspectives on mass transit.

This collection contains 20 documents, circular letters, essays, and newspaper clippings related to efforts to construct a suspended elevated railway in New York City.

One document is a three-page printed report, with 4 copies and 1 extra page, entitled "Synopsis of Project for an Elevated Railway," which M. D. Moore presented to a New York State Senate committee headed by James F. Ruggles on December 8, 1866. The report provides details of the proposed railway, including its route and its mode of construction, and proposes the advantages of such a system, which was anticipated to cost about $1,500,000. The 4 copies contain additional manuscript notes pertaining to engineering and constructing the railway. On one copy, Moore's name is crossed out and replaced by that of Joseph W. Morse.

Another document is a manuscript copy of an unsigned affirmation in which Morse claimed to have invented an elevated railway system and pledged half of the railway's profits to his partners, George F. H. Youngs, Samuel Bromberg, and James E. Beers (August 25, 1870). Bromberg wrote a brief note to Youngs on April 26, 1872; its envelope bears a logo for Morse's Elevated Rail Road, which depicts a steam-driven rail car suspended from an elevated track, passing over a man driving a horse-drawn carriage loaded with hay. The letterhead of a printed circular letter requesting opinions on the feasibility of the railway proposal (1870s) and a broadside advertising a model railroad exhibited at a local fair (undated) also contain this logo.

The collection contains 2 essays on mass transit in New York City and Brooklyn; newspaper clippings on the New York Railroad Company and underground transportation systems, including statistics related to New York ferries and railroads for the year 1870; and a lithograph of T. W. H. Moseley's "Improvements in Metallic Screw Piles."

This collection contains five letters written by a woman named "Lizzie" to "John," a close friend or family member. She discussed her life in New York City, with a particular emphasis on the 1875 Henry Ward Beecher trial, religion, and life in Harlem.

This collection contains five letters written by a woman named "Lizzie" to "John," a close friend or family member. She discussed her life in New York City, with a particular emphasis on the 1875 Henry Ward Beecher trial, religion, and life in Harlem. Lizzie, who first lived near Columbus Circle, was interested in the ongoing litigation between Henry Ward Beecher and Theodore Tilton, and repeatedly expressed her desire to procure tickets should the famous preacher take the witness stand. She wrote that "There are some who would never believe him guilty but consider him the victim of a cruel plot or circumstantial evidence; but there are other some [sic] who express themselves as willing to accept whatever verdict the jury brings in" (January 21, 1875). Lizzie also shared the experiences of her daily life, particularly after her relocation to Harlem, which she described in a February 1875 letter. In addition, Lizzie provided her thoughts on her local church and, briefly, on the merits of a number of New York newspapers (May 12, 1875). In one letter, dated March 12, 1875, she drew a small diagram of her lamp chimney.

This approximately 160-page volume contains working records of one or more traveling chair, desk, bench, and pew salesmen in Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and elsewhere in the Northeast between 1889 and 1892. A previous owner identified the business as the Richmond Furniture Company of Indiana, but this has not been verified. Each page includes the name or names of a client, prospect, or contact; names of existing or planned buildings; seating needs; costs; a record of communications; and other notes.

This approximately 160-page volume contains working records of one or more traveling chair, desk, bench, and pew salesmen in Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and elsewhere in the Northeast between 1889 and 1892. A previous owner identified the business as the Richmond Furniture Company of Indiana, but this has not been verified. Each page includes the name or names of a client, prospect, or contact; names of existing or planned buildings; seating needs; costs; a record of communications; and other notes.

The volume begins with a 3,000-seat music hall at 57th Street and 7th Avenue, New York City—the Carnegie Hall. The most frequent clientele were churches, synagogues, and proprietors or developers of musical or theater venues. Record of a new City Hall in Syracuse, New York, the Hall for Jewish Society in Philadelphia, and an opera house in Poughkeepsie are other examples. Some entries document the sending of circulars and sale catalogs.

Pencil accounting for grocery and other purchases in 1911 are scattered throughout the volume.

The Perry family photograph albums consist of a five-volume set of albums containing 208 albumen print photographs showing scenic and town views in the vicinity of Cumberland, Maryland.

The Perry family photograph albums consist of a five-volume set of albums containing 208 albumen print photographs showing scenic and town views in the vicinity of Cumberland, Maryland. The albums (each 18 x 27 cm) are half leather bound.

• Images of particular interest in this volume include street views (mostly of Washington Street) in Cumberland, Maryland; a bird's-eye view of Cumberland from Rose Hill Cemetery; views of the Chesapeake & views of the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal and Potomac River; interior views of St. Peter & Paul Church during Christmas of 1889; a view of the Old National Road (Cumberland Road); and a portrait of a Capuchin monk identified as "Brother Metard." Also of interest are three photographs depicting African Americans of Cumberland, including an image captioned "A moment of antebellum days" showing a black woman identified as "Mammy Daphne" conversing with a white woman identified as "Aunt Eliza Murdock"; an image captioned "Celebrities of Frog Eye, with pickaninnies in the gateway" showing two black men operating a horse-drawn wagon bearing a placard that reads "The Cumberland Baggage Delivery Transfer No 4" while a group of black girls looks on the background; and an image captioned "Our neighbors in Shanty Town" showing a black man with an amputated leg standing in front of a house while playing the banjo. Many but not all of the images bear contemporary inscribed captions. Some photographs are present in other volumes. Contemporary inscription on first page reads "Thornton Tayloe Perry."

• Images of particular interest in this volume include views of the Perry family mansion (formerly owned by the family of George Calmes) on the Cohongaronta islet; views of the Perry family cottage, home of Thomas J. Perry, and home of Henry Shriver on Washington Street; bird's-eye views of Cumberland; views of Cumberland Narrows, Wills Mountain, and Knobly Mountain; views of Rose Hill Cemetery and the Cemetery of St. Peter & Paul; a view of Baltimore Street after a flood; views of Cumberland's working class; an interior view of Emmanuel Church on Easter; a view of people watching a flood with the mansion on Cohongaronta in the background; and views of the "German Cemetery" including one photograph of two women praying at the crucifix shrine. Many but not all of the images bear contemporary inscribed captions. Some photographs are present in other volumes.

• Images of particular interest in this volume include views of the mansion on Cohongaronta and other residences; street scenes from Cumberland (mainly of Washington Street); and various landscape photographs. None of the images have captions. Some photographs are present in other volumes.

• Images of particular interest in this volume include views of the Perry family mansion on Cohongaronta; views of residences including the Perry family cottage, home of Thomas J. Perry, and a house built in 1790 by "Geo Dentone" near the site of Old Fort Cumberland; street scenes from Cumberland (mainly of Washington Street); views of Cumberland's working class; views of canal boats; and various landscape photographs. A number of images bear contemporary inscribed captions. Some photographs are present in other volumes. Contemporary inscription on first page reads "Thornton Tayloe Perry."

• Images of particular interest in this volume include views of Cumberland; views of churches; views of the National Road leading through the Cumberland Narrows; views of Rose Hill Cemetery; views of the Vale Farm homestead; a portrait of a woman mourning at Col. William Lynch Lamar's tombstone; street scenes from around Cumberland; views of the Perry family mansion on Cohongaronta; views of the West Virginia Central Rail Road bridge; views of residences; and various landscape photographs. All of the images bear contemporary inscribed captions. Some photographs are present in other volumes. Contemporary inscription on first page reads "Carroll Sprigg Christmas 1886."

During the Civil War, intelligence on enemy forces was gathered from a variety of sources. This notebook includes meticulously recorded information on Confederate emplacements, strength, troop movements, and morale, gathered from debriefings of deserters, prisoners of war, civilians, and refugees.

The name of the intelligence officer who kept the "Union Intelligence Officer's" journal is unknown, as it probably should be. To use the term "spy" would probably be somewhat misleading, for the notebook consists of information culled largely from debriefings of deserters, prisoners of war, civilians, and refugees, rather than from the sorts of covert operations typically associated with spies. But it is clear that the man who kept the notebook was charged with obtaining, recording, and analyzing the immense volume of randomly scattered facts

The notebook includes meticulously recorded information on Confederate emplacements, strength, troop movements, and morale, and is made more valuable in that every informant is named and identified as to regiment and location. In many cases, the intelligence officer provided sketch maps of positions which, while skeletal, can be highly informative. At the end of the journal, perhaps in idle moments, he sketched out caricatures of a soldier, a civilian (?), and a Union shield.

An unidentified tradesperson, possibly a cooper or blacksmith within the area of Washington County, Maine, kept this account book between 1818 and 1824. They document debts and credits with several members of the community. Customers' debts included services (mending rakes, pails, and tubs, making tubs, and making a delivery) as well as goods (flax seed, various grains, leather, churns, and tubs). The accounts also record credits, often in the form of bartered services and goods such as chopping acres, setting shoes, making a chisel, and hay and corn. One sheet of paper is laid into the volume, recording births and marriages in Nathaniel C. Kelly and Abigail Kelly's family.

An unidentified tradesperson, possibly a cooper or blacksmith within the area of Washington County, Maine, kept this account book between 1818 and 1824. They document debts and credits with several members of the community. Debts included services (mending rakes, pails, and tubs, making tubs, and making a delivery) as well as goods (flax seed, various grains, leather, churns, and tubs). The accounts also record credits, often in the form of bartered services and goods such as chopping acres, setting shoes, making a chisel, and hay and corn. One sheet of paper is laid into the volume, recording births and marriages in Nathaniel C. Kelly and Abigail Kelly's family.

This collection is made up of typescripts and copies related to Lewis C. Mead's service in the 22nd Michigan Infantry Regiment, Company I, during the Civil War, including his time as a prisoner of war. He wrote letters home while serving in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Georgia, and during his imprisonment in Libby Prison and other Confederate prisoner-of-war camps.

This volume (177 pages) contains typescripts and copies related to Lewis C. Mead's service in the 22nd Michigan Infantry Regiment, Company I, during the Civil War. The collection includes an introduction by Mead's youngest daughter.

Pages 1-148 largely consist of letters that Mead wrote to his parents and sister during his military service. He described camp life, marches, and scenery in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Georgia (particularly in and around Lexington, where the regiment was stationed for much of the winter of 1862-1863). He mentioned Lexington's African American population, his African-American servant in Nashville (shared with his tent mates), promotions and officer elections within his company and regiment, executions of deserters, and a skirmish with Confederate forces. From October 1863 to November 1864, he wrote from Libby Prison and other Confederate prisoner-of-war camps. Mead discussed his health and his possible release or exchange. By the time he resumed his correspondence in March 1865, he had returned to the regiment. He remained with the unit until at least May 1865.

A small number of letters by other writers include an early order by J. W. Trueman authorizing Mead to raise a company for a regiment of lancers (October 3, 1861) and several written to the Mead family during the war. E. S. Woodman, an acquaintance, and other soldiers provided news about Lewis C. Mead's capture and imprisonment in October 1864. Postwar correspondence includes family letters and a letter from H. S. Dean to Lewis C. Mead regarding a visit to the Chickamauga battlefield by Michigan veterans (October 25, 1893).

The letters are followed by Mead's ca. 1886 reminiscences of his Civil War service, including his experiences during the Battle of Chickamauga and his subsequent imprisonment (pp. 149-164); a speech by Mead about the 22nd Michigan Infantry Regiment's Civil War service (pp. 165-172); and additional reminiscences written after a 50th anniversary visit to the Chickamauga battlefield, Chattanooga, Tennessee, and other locations related to Mead's wartime experiences (pp. 173-177).

The volume contains a photocopy of a newspaper obituary for Lewis C. Mead, published in The Daily Press. Photocopied photographs include Lewis C. Mead around the time of his enlistment and as an older adult; "Johnny Clem," a 12-year-old soldier who was embedded with Mead's regiment (pictured in uniform holding a gun); James Arthur Gallery wearing Mead's dress uniform; and Owen Carlisle Frost in a World War I-era army uniform.

A typescript copy of a letter by William Hayden Smith regarding his experiences with the 1st Michigan Infantry Regiment around the time of Robert E. Lee's surrender at Appomattox is pasted into the volume's back cover (April 9, 1865).

The Warrensburg, Missouri photograph albums consist of two photograph albums containing 21 studio portraits, including several portraits of members of an African American family based in Warrensburg, Missouri during the 1870s.

Although these two albums were purchased together as a single lot from the same source, it is unclear if or how the individuals who are represented in each respective album are related. For conservation and preservation reasons, the original photographs have been removed from these albums and replaced with facsimile scan copies. The original photographs have been housed alongside the albums.

Volume 1:

This album (10 x 12 cm) contains four cartes de visite and six tintypes, all of which are formal studio portrait photographs. The album is made of pebbled black leather covers with a leather closure and has “Album” stamped in gold on the spine. The ownership stamp of “Lon. Fickas” (likely Benjamin Alonzo Fickas) appears twice in the album. “Warrens Brug (sic) Johnson Count Mo” is inscribed on a page near the back cover.

Eight or nine African American individuals are depicted in these photographs, some of whom may be identified through inscriptions on the photograph versos and/or inscriptions made directly onto the album pages. However, it appears that these photographs may have been moved around at some point as some of the album inscriptions do not seem to match up with subjects. Several images have hand-painted details including gold jewelry.

Pg. 1 of this album contained a carte de visite portrait of an African American man bearing a verso inscription that reads “Warrens Brug (sic) Mo march 11 1875 Less Will Wis 25 years old march 1”; there is also an inscription on the album page that reads “Renie (or Remi?) Hatton.” Pg. 2 held a tintype of an African American woman wearing a light blue ribbon that was colored by hand. Pgs. 5 and 11 both contained copies of the same carte de visite portrait of an infant African American child being held in place by a hidden mother; an inscription on pg. 5 reads “Lewis ?” while an inscription on pg. 11 reads “John Butler.” Pg. 7 contained a tintype of a young African American woman that includes a paper flower scrap with printed text reading “Charity” pasted at the top of the photograph sleeve. Two locks of women’s hair were stored in the album, one between pgs. 8 and 9 and the other between pgs. 12 and 13. Pg. 9 contained a full-length tintype portrait of an African American woman that bears a verso inscription reading “John Butler Warrensburg Mo,” while an inscription on page 10 also reads “kizher? Butler Was 27 year old June 1 1876.” This inscription may possibly be referencing a woman named Kizzie Butler who was recorded as living with her husband John Butler in Warrensburg in the 1870 census and was later included in Dawes Act Rolls under “Choctaw Freedmen.” Pg. 13 contained a tintype of an African American woman seated while holding a book (likely a bible). Pg. 15 contained a half-length portrait tintype of an African American man, while pg. 16 contained a tintype of an African American woman (possibly the same woman represented in the tintype from pg. 9) seated while wearing a white dress and hat. A small loose unmounted gelatin silver print portrait of an African American girl was also present between pgs. 16 and 17.

Volume 2:

This album (14 cm x 10 cm) contained eleven studio portrait photographs, nine of which are tintypes. The album has brown leather covers with a metal closure and has a floral motif rectangle around the word "Album" all stamped in gold on the front cover. None of the subjects represented in this album are identified, and none of these portraits appear to depict any of the individuals who are represented in Volume 1.

Most of the portraits that were housed in this album are of unidentified white men, women, and children. Also present is a group portrait tintype showing a family of possible African and/or Native American descent and a carte de visite portrait of a young African American girl taken by “Simpson 424 E Wash St.” (possibly William Simpson of Indianapolis). Also of note is a carte de visite portrait taken by J. F. Ryder of Cleveland of a white actress (possibly a burlesque dancer) leaning on a chair.

An anonymous United States Army sergeant wrote these 3 letters (18 pages) to his mother while serving at Camp Hancock, Georgia, between August and December 1917. "Herb," a member of Company D, 103rd Engineer Regiment, reported on his regiment's work laying pipes and about several aspects of military life.

An anonymous United States Army sergeant wrote these 3 letters (18 pages) to his mother while serving at Camp Hancock, Georgia, between August and December 1917. "Herb," a member of Company D, 103rd Engineer Regiment, reported on his regiment's work laying pipes and on several aspects of military life.

In each of his letters, "Herb" encouraged his mother not to worry about him, and he took pride in his work with the military and in his continuing advancement through the ranks; he was expecting a commission as lieutenant. He also mentioned some of his regiment's duties, which included laying pipes for newly constructed buildings at Camp Hancock and building temporary bridges for other units on bivouac assignments. Herb described other aspects of camp life, such as the comings and goings of other soldiers and his leisure activities, which included trips to nearby Augusta and football games. In two of his letters, he discussed the reorganization of the army's cavalry and artillery units, and in one letter, he mentioned English and French guest officers' instruction in trench warfare (November 11, 1917).

The Brown family photograph album contains approximately 100 photographs (mostly cyanotypes) showing the home, neighborhood, family members, and friends of Phildelphia textile manufacturer Crosby M. Brown (1857-1906) and his wife Addie O. Brown (1857-?).

The Brown family photograph album contains approximately 100 photographs (mostly cyanotypes) showing the home, neighborhood, family members, and friends of Phildelphia textile manufacturer Crosby M. Brown (1857-1906) and his wife Addie O. Brown (1857-?).

The album (31 x 26 cm) begins with the birth of May Marguerite Brown in October or November, 1888, and focuses on the subsequent visits of relatives and neighbors, including the Mayers, Crosby M. Wright, and Aunt Ellen Smedley. Images include family group portraits, exterior and interior views of the large family home at 63rd and Median Streets, winter scenes at nearby parks, and views of the neighboring homes of John Bell, Mr. Hess, and Jacob Jones. Other photographs depict Brown family visits to Ellen Smedley at "Bala" in Bryn Mawr (Pennsylvania), to Norwalk (Ohio), and a fishing trip to Waterville (New Hampshire). Also included are views of mill clerk F. A. Reinstein in his office, and industrial buildings from 33rd and Walnut Streets in Philadelphia (possibly the family textile mills).

The New Gloucester (Me.) collection contains documents, financial records, and other items related to four local groups active in the early 19th century: the First Christian Universalist Society, the Congregational Fund, the Hill School District (later the Southwest School District), and the Antipedo Baptist Society. Other material concerns a Universalist convention in Turner, Maine, and newspaper advertisements and subscriptions.

This collection contains 61 documents, financial records, and other items related to four groups active in New Gloucester, Maine, in the early 19th century: the First Christian Universalist Society, the Congregational Fund, the Hill School District, and the Antipedo Baptist Society. Other material concerns a Universalist convention in Turner, Maine, and newspaper advertisements and subscriptions.

The Universalist Society Documents series (3 items) is comprised of a membership list for the First Christian Universalist Society in New Gloucester (June 18, 1805) and a receipt for the society's reimbursement of a purchase of a record book (July 11, 1805), both signed by Reuben Barns (or Barrs), as well as a signed statement by Jonathan Bennett, Jr., regarding Jacob Bailey's sworn oath to become the society's assessor (undated).

The three Imprints are a 2-page circular; a 1-page document relating to a convention of Universalist societies assembled in Turner, Maine (September 4, 1805); and Directions for Taking and Using the True and Genuine British Oil... (8 pages, undated).

Receipts and Promissory Notes (13 items) pertain to advertising costs in the Portland Gazette (April 7, 1804), a subscription to the Eastern Argus (August 1, 1810), and the finances of "the Congregational Fund in New Gloucester" (11 items, September 18, 1807). Promissory notes from the Congregational Fund are addressed to the fund's treasurer, Enoch Fogg; each contains notes about interest and repayment on the reverse side, dated as late as 1823.

The School District Papers are comprised of 22 notices and meeting minutes and 1 financial document. The records relate to the affairs of the Hill School District (later the Southwest School District) in New Gloucester, Maine, from June 5, 1806-October 31, 1823. Eligible male voters were notified of meetings held to settle administrative affairs, and notices and meeting minutes refer to votes on subjects such as the construction of a new schoolhouse, building repairs, provision of wood for the school's stove, authorization and dates of terms, finances and taxes, and hiring teachers. On different occasions, the district intended to hire both male and female teachers. The final item is a list of names and amounts of money (November 6, 1823).

Documents related to the Antipedo Baptist Society (19 items) include notices of meetings, requests for membership, and meeting minutes, most of which relate to the election of officers. The group operated in New Gloucester, Gray, and Poland, Maine; its members included Elder Ephraim Stinchfield.

This diary records the experiences and political thoughts of a German immigrant who lived in Middleport, New York, in the late 1840s. The author described his daily life and commented on current events, such as the European revolutions of 1848 and Fourth of July celebrations in the United States.

This diary (approximately 180 pages) records the experiences and political thoughts of a German immigrant who lived in Middleport, New York, in the late 1840s. This volume, the fifth in a series, begins on May 30, 1847, and the author sent the previous diaries to his family in Lüchow, Germany. He wrote fairly regularly between May 1847 and May 1848, and less frequently between June 1848 and August 26, 1849, describing his life and recording observations about European and American politics. He shared his thoughts about Fourth of July celebrations in 1847 and 1848 and commented favorably on the various European revolutions taking place in the summer of 1848, particularly those in France and Germany. Other entries reveal his opinions on economic issues, such as the effects of hunger on poor Germans, and his religious views. On April 19, 1852, the author stated his intention to leave Middleport. A birth and baptismal certificate for Georg Philipp Weber, written in German and dated July 1, 1847, is enclosed in a flap in the volume's front cover. The diary was also accompanied by a carte-de-visite portrait of a man standing beside a chair and hanging drapery, top hat in hand, which was transferred to the Graphics Division. The photograph was taken by J. B. Smith in Utica, New York.

This 8-page manuscript speech was written by a currently unidentified author in the United States seeking the presidency in a temperance society, perhaps sometime in the 1840s or 1850s. The orator addressed "Fellow Citizens" and focused their anti-alcohol rhetoric on moral, social, and political issues. They focused on the fiscal costs of prosecutions, imprisonment, and overcrowded jails; on election corruption due to intemperate men selling their votes for alcohol money; and on the damnation of "drunkards" resulting from the immorality of liquor distributors. He expressed sympathy for the intemperate while simultaneously blaming them for moral failings. Brief references to the sex of the intemperate and conflict with Great Britain are present. The orator occasionally drew language and comparisons used in speeches and letters of the American Temperance Union, New-York Society for the Promotion of Intemperance, and others.

This 8-page manuscript speech was written by a currently unidentified author in the United States seeking the presidency in a temperance society, perhaps sometime in the 1840s or 1850s. The orator addressed "Fellow Citizens" and focused their anti-alcohol rhetoric on moral, social, and political issues. They focused on the fiscal costs of prosecutions, imprisonment, and overcrowded jails; on election corruption due to intemperate men selling their votes for alcohol money; and on the damnation of "drunkards" resulting from the immorality of liquor distributors. He expressed sympathy for the intemperate while simultaneously blaming them for moral failings. Brief references to the sex of the intemperate and conflict with Great Britain are present. The orator occasionally drew language and comparisons used in speeches and letters of the American Temperance Union, New-York Society for the Promotion of Intemperance, and others. The manuscript is made up of loose pages, hand-sewn on the left.

• Alcohol should only be consumed as prescribed by a "temperance Physician."
• The intemperate include not only laboring classes, but legislators and justice officials.
• The "stability of our free institutions" is at stake because of intemperate people's willingness to sell their votes for funds to purchase alcohol; the speaker claims that thousands of votes have been corrupted and that political parties filter money into elections for this purpose.
• Enough money is spent on alcohol to pay off the United States' foreign debt. Estimates $15,000,000/year spent in "this state alone."
• Bar rooms prepare people for crimes and God never gave people the right to get drunk. Distilleries are "smoking breathing holes of hell"; "...there are men, who would build grogshops, on a volcano if they could make money by it -- Nay they would go down, to the verry confines of hell and build grogshops there if they could only make money --" Reformed men should take their old rags and give them to the rum sellers, so that they might become paper makers. The drinker is wicked.
• Female drinkers are few and far between (crossed out is a sentence saying "but, I have saw a woman beastly drunk between this and the borough").
• Some of the intemperate succeed in escaping, but those who do not might become robbers or pirates. Wives, children, and society lose nothing when the drunkard dies, regardless of whether he has been a "tender father, a finished scholar, a profound statesman," but the addict loses his soul. They end up "Frozen in a storm, or drowned, or dying on his bed of straw, with delirium tremens, devils seizing him before his time, with none to care for him, none to lament him."
• "Drunkards demand our sympathy, I make no apology for drunkenness -- It is a sin, for which there can be no apology -- The moderate drinker, is master of himself -- He does what he does, deliberately, of free choice, feeling, and knowing, as he says, that there is no danger." But this is a slippery slope.
• "The Queen of England might send an army against us, and we could drive them into the sea -- But we must fight against intoxicating drinks by letting it alone come forward sign the pledge..."

Written between 1831 and 1835, the Pennsylvania geography exercise book contains a series of school exercises about Pennsylvania, organized by county. Essays cover a diverse array of topics including the geography, architecture, and history of specific areas.

Written between 1831 and 1835, this volume contains a series of school exercises about the state of Pennsylvania, organized by county. Essays cover a diverse array of topics including the geography, architecture, and history of specific areas. Though the volume focuses on Pennsylvania at the county level, the cities of Germantown and Philadelphia are discussed at length. While writing about Germantown, the writer considers not only its history, but also the composition of its population, the religion of these settlers, relations with local Native Americans, natural geography, and its role in the American Revolution. The author treats Philadelphia in even more depth, devoting entire exercises to specific bridges and buildings (including the city's prisons, hospital, local British army barracks, poor houses, and the homes of notable residents such as William Penn and Robert Morris), "The Treaty Tree," foreign settlers, "The 'caves' of the first inhabitants," "Superstition and popular Credulity of the Early Inhabitants" (with a focus on the city's first Dutch and Swedish settlers), and its "Aborigines." Of particular interest is a lengthy discussion of William Penn and his history within the state. Together, the sections on Germantown and Philadelphia comprise roughly one-fourth of the volume.

The remainder of the book is devoted to exercises exploring Pennsylvania's various counties, as divided in the early 1830s (see below for a list of counties covered in the volume). The section on each county contains an initial introduction accompanied by a manuscript map (except in the case of Centre County) and at least one essay. These exercises are generally much shorter than those devoted to Philadelphia, and they focus primarily on geographic features such as rivers, hills or mountains, and soil. Other recurrent topics include roads or other improvements and (occasionally) larger towns or cities. Lancaster and Pittsburgh are among the settlements described in greater detail, though neither description matches the attention given to Germantown or Philadelphia. The exercise book provides a thorough, contemporary view of Pennsylvania in the early 19th century, from the established settlements on its Atlantic coast to the forests of its interior and its western boundaries.

This volume contains carte-de-visite portraits of soldiers who served in the 47th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment during the Civil War, additional loose photographs, and colored lithographs of Union generals.

This pocket album primarily relates to the 47th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment. The first four images are colored printed portraits of Winfield Scott, George McClellan, Fitz John Porter, and George Stoneman. An additional printed image of the Battle of the Monitor and Merrimack appears later in the volume. The bulk of the items are 31 cartes-de-visite with formal photographic portraits of soldiers in uniform. The few named soldiers all served in the 47th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment. Three loose photographs of William H. Gausler and two unidentified men (neither in military uniform) are laid into the back of the volume.

This photograph album contains pictures taken during trips to Arizona, California, Colorado, Minnesota, and Michigan around the turn of the 20th century. Subjects include Native American homes, dress, and customs; western scenery; and Midwestern waterfronts and steamships.

The Tourist photograph album (15 x 21 cm) contains approximately 245 pictures from around the Southwest and Midwest United States taken by an unknown photographer around the turn of the 20th century. Southwest photographs include mission churches in California and New Mexico, rock formations, cliff dwellings at Canyon de Chelly and Mesa Verde, Balanced Rock in the Garden of the Gods, and a pueblo. Several photographs feature Native Americans, including: women with traditional squash blossom hair styles; a man carrying a small child in a sling on his back; a woman in a shop with baskets, wool and dry goods; a woman seated in front of a loom with partially finished cloth; a man sitting in a white-washed interior with skeins of wool, holding a spindle with a hand carder at his feet. One photograph shows mummified human remains posed next to a bottle of whiskey and skull, indicating likely tomb desecration. Also included are unidentified Southwestern streets, beach scenes, and the storefront of J.M. Archuleta in Colorado. Midwest photos include images of the Palace of Fine Arts (Museum of Science and Industry) in Chicago, Mackinac Island, the Marquette Monument in St. Ignace, Soo Locks, and the Great Lakes steamer North Land, and a lake and cottage. The Grand Hotel on Mackinac Island and the SS Chief Wawatam are also pictured. Many photographs are significantly faded. Some manuscript captions are included.

The album includes two cyanotypes and a postcard with a cartoon satirizing the Brigham Young's polygamy.

The album has a half bound pebbled leather cover and is stored in a three-part wrap with brown cloth spine.

This diary, kept by a soldier in the 138th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, chronicles the regiment's movements throughout Maryland and northern Virginia between June 16, 1863, and January 1, 1864.

This diary, kept by a soldier in the 138th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment, chronicles the regiment's movements throughout Maryland and northern Virginia between June 16, 1863, and January 1, 1864. The author listed three soldiers from Company A who died, deserted, or were discharged, and he also frequently mentioned Captain L. C. Andress of Company H, who died on November 12, 1863. He composed entries of varying lengths on an almost daily basis, consistently noting the regiment's movements during the pursuit of Lee from Pennsylvania to Virginia. The author also documented various aspects of camp life. Though the regiment saw little action, it did participate in guard duty near Washington, D. C. The soldier reflected upon the history of the war as he passed Manassas, where he saw "Graves every mile or so" (October 19). In early December, he received 10 days of leave. In the back of the journal, which concluded on January 1, 1864, the author recorded his "Expenses for Mess" and the amount of money sent home to his wife.

The At Peace Street photograph album contains 14 photographs of upper middle class home and family in Providence, R.I. Possibly the home of Linwood O. Towne, who inscribed the volume to the Prescotts in 1900. Several images of family members reading and photographs featuring the family cat.

The At Peace Street photograph album (16 x 23 cm) contains 14 photographs of upper middle class home and family in Providence, R.I. Possibly the home of Linwood O. Towne, who inscribed the volume to the Prescotts in 1900. Several images of family members reading and photographs featuring the family cat.

The album has brown burlap covers with inscribed title "At Peace Street," bound with string, and is housed in a gray wrapper with dark brown cloth spine.

The William Bull and Sarah Wells Pageant photograph album contains 33 photographs of an elaborate outdoor pageant of the story of William Bull and Sarah Wells, two early settlers of Orange County, N.Y.

The William Bull and Sarah Wells Pageant photograph album (19 x 26 cm) contains 33 photographs of an elaborate outdoor pageant of the story of William Bull and Sarah Wells, two early settlers of Orange County, N.Y. It features locals dressed up as settlers and Indians and a house of logs constructed on site. Images of the reenactment also include the courtship and wedding of Bull and Wells, a wedding dance, and the making of plans to build a stone house. This pageant may be part of a family reunion, an ongoing Independence Day ritual, but also includes thanksgiving scenes of a meal shared by Indians and settlers. Prominently featured in one photograph are William Bull V and VII, descendants of William Bull and Sarah Wells.

The album has an unmarked black cloth cover and is housed in a gray wrapper with blue cloth binding.

The Lakefront Michigan cottage photograph album contains approximately 440 images documenting the construction of a family lake cottage likely located in lower Michigan.

The Lakefront Michigan cottage photograph album contains approximately 440 images documenting the construction of a family lake cottage likely located in lower Michigan. The album (18.5 x 29 cm) has black cloth covers. Photographs include views of a work party clearing land for the cottage on May 3 1920; a truck with a load of lumber mired in a rut before being subsequently rescued; three men sealing the bottom of a rowboat which proceeds to sink in shallow water; the framing and roofing of the cottage; the mounting of a sign reading, "Non Nobis Solum" over the cottage; the addition of a dock; and furniture being moved inside. Other activities depicted include a game featuring a blindfolded woman holding a beer stein; the erection of a flagpole and subsequent raising of a flag accompanied by a bugle player and firing of a miniature cannon; swimming in the lake with innertubes; wading in the lake; and rowing in a seaworthy rowboat. A truck from Edgar's Sugar House in Detroit also appears in several photographs related to the construction of the cottage.

This collection consists of four volumes of the "News Gitter" manuscript magazine or newsletter created by students from Wisconsin Creek, Montana, in 1913, as a part of a student literary society called the O.A.O., "Our Afternoon Off." Several additional pages of notes, poetry, and a partial address by Willis Funk, president of the O.A.O. commenting on its founding, are also present. Entries for the periodical include jokes and mock wanted advertisements, comments about school affairs and students, poetry, local news and weather, among other topics.

This collection consists of four volumes of the News Gitter manuscript magazine or newsletter created by students from Wisconsin Creek, Montana, in 1913, as a part of a student literary society called the O.A.O., "Our Afternoon Off." Several additional pages of notes, poetry, and a partial address by Willis Funk, president of the O.A.O. commenting on its founding, are also present. Entries for the periodical include jokes and mock wanted advertisements, comments about school affairs and students, poetry, local news and weather, among other topics.

Content relating to the students' educational experiences include discussions of examinations, jokes about teachers and lessons, commentary about school government, notices for upcoming performances, among other topics. Several entries specifically relate to a female teacher, Miss Le Tourneau. The manuscript magazines also feature material reflecting the students' social experiences. They document student absences and disputes, classroom antics, facilities issues, humor, and the formation of the literary society O.A.O., "Our Afternoon Off." Some of the entries reference romantic interests between students, while others reflect signs of puberty, like the entry in the first volume that noted "Willis Funk is developing a fine crop of whiskers." Some content relates to race and ethnicity, such as articles in volume three titled "Miniature Mexican Insurrection," one about "Two Irish lads… quar[rel]ing on the school house steps," and one that references African Americans and uses racial epithets.

This manuscript, titled "Toasts," includes 13 toasts along with actual or suggested musical accompaniment for each pronouncement. The speeches express strong support for the Democratic Party and regard such individuals as George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Andrew Jackson, Martin Van Buren, Richard M. Johnson, James Madison, and Thomas Hart Benton. One toast decries the Bank of the United States.

This manuscript, titled "Toasts," includes 13 toasts along with actual or suggested musical accompaniment for each pronouncement. The speeches express strong support for the Democratic Party and regard such individuals as George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Andrew Jackson, Martin Van Buren, Richard M. Johnson, James Madison, and Thomas Hart Benton. One toast decries the Bank of the United States. Musical accompaniment includes "The Rights of Man," "Hail Columbia," "Jackson's March," "Auld Lang Syne," "Roslin Castle," "Rogues March," "Yankee Doodle," "Hail to the Chief," the "Star Spangled Banner," and others.

The manuscript bears strikethroughs and revisions, suggesting that it is a working copy. Its reference to President Andrew Jackson and to Martin Van Buren ("worthy to succeed the illustrious Jackson") suggest a likely date of July 4, 1836.

This photograph album contains 72 photographs of a Shriners International trip to Glacier and Grand Canyon National Parks in 1920.

This photograph album contains 72 photographs of a Shriners International trip to Glacier and Grand Canyon National Parks in 1920. Each page includes handwritten notations stating location. The album begins with images of La Crosse (Wisconsin), Vista House along the Columbia River (Oregon), Grand Canyon, and Garden of the Gods. Following, are views of Glacier National Park including Saint Mary Lake, Many Glacier, Many Glacier Hotel, and Shriner members dancing with "waitresses." Of particular note are images of Shriner members among Blackfeet and Hopi Native Americans. The album ends with two images of San Francisco; a birds-eye view of the city and the Golden Gate strait.

The album is 20.5 x 14.5 cm with brown paper covers. "Shrine Trip 1920" is handwritten on the front cover.

This collection is made up of 27 legal documents and financial records pertaining to residents of Marblehead, Massachusetts, between 1730 and 1812.

This collection is made up of 27 partially printed legal documents and financial records pertaining to residents of Marblehead, Massachusetts, between 1730 and 1812. Sixteen items are statements of monthly and annual taxes that individual Marblehead residents owed between 1780 and 1812; most are addressed to Benjamin Lancey (or Lansey). The remaining items pertain to financial agreements, real property ownership and sales, and shipping. Two indentures concern the division of large residential buildings and provide detailed information about the rooms and passages belonging to each owner. One financial document relates to the town's fishing industry, and two relate to the schooner Sally: a bill of sale and an insurance policy.

Additional legal documents include an appointment of guardianship and a plaintiff's bill for legal costs incurred during a case in the Circuit Court of Common Pleas for the Middle Circuit.

This 32-page manuscript notebook, dated to the second half of the eighteenth century, is an instruction manual for the systematic use of color in mapmaking. Though the writer and exact date of publication are unknown, it is assumed that the writer was a master mapmaker and that this notebook was meant to be distributed to students who were learning how to make maps. An English translation of the notebook is published in "Coloring Manuscript Maps in the Eighteenth Century," Clements Library Occasional Bulletin 4 (January 2017): 5-11.

This 32-page manuscript notebook, dated to the second half of the eighteenth century, is an instruction manual on the systematic use of color in mapmaking. Though the writer and exact date of publication are unknown, it is assumed that the writer was a master mapmaker and that this notebook was meant to be distributed to students who were learning how to make maps. An English translation of the notebook is published in "Coloring Manuscript Maps in the Eighteenth Century," Clements Library Occasional Bulletin 4 (January 2017): 5-11.

The writer begins by explaining the process that one should follow when preparing and using colors for a map. After the writer explains how to mix colors, they offer detailed notes about the use of eight main colors; a palette of those colors is found on page three of the manuscript. Throughout the rest of the manuscript, the writer explains how to mix colors and correctly render features like cultivated lands, meadows, pastures, woods, vineyards, mountains, trees, hedges, rocks, quarries, sand, and rivers. Interspersed throughout the manuscript is the writer's observations about common mapmaking mistakes and diagrams illustrating different techniques.

The Colombia photograph album contains approximately 110 photographs showing scenes from Cartagena, Turbaco, and Barranquilla in Colombia.

The Colombia photograph album contains approximately 110 photographs showing scenes from Cartagena, Turbaco, and Barranquilla in Colombia. The album (18 x 28 cm) is half bound in black leather. Images of particular interest include photographs related to diplomatic functions, such as views of the British and Spanish consulates, interiors of the American consulates in Barranquilla and Cartagena, two portraits of the British Consul and family, and a series of portraits of the large family of the Spanish Consul, "Familia Zubiria Stevenson." Other images of note include photographs of a bullfight, the tomb and former home of Rafael Núñez, street and architectural views, churches, thatched huts, local inhabitants including mule drivers and cemetery workers, guns at the Baluarte de San Javier, soldiers in formation, and harbor views including views of passanger sternwheel ferry Alicia and a clipper ship. Some photographs have handwritten captions in Spanish.

This collection is made up of diary entries, letters, and prayers by a woman who lived in Morris County, New Jersey, in the early 19th century. She discussed her religious convictions and activities, her social activities, and daily life. Internal evidence suggests that the materials may have belonged to Abigail Harrison.

This collection is made up of 90 pages of diary entries, letters, and prayers written by a woman who lived in Morris County, New Jersey, between December 25, 1815, and January 1, 1820. She discussed her religious convictions and activities, her social activities, and daily life.

The collection includes 3 diaries (67 pages). The first has paper covers with engraved illustrations and a multiplication table. The author wrote about her Christian faith, particularly with respect to good and evil and deliverance from sin. Her religious activities included reading the Bible and published sermons, attending church services, and attending prayer meetings. A few entries contain personal reflections on the death of the author's husband (January 1, 1819, pages 31-32) and her conversion to Christianity (June 27, 1819, page 66, and others).

The diary entries occasionally refer to missionary work; one entry mentions an extract from the Boston Recorder about a schoolteacher working with Native Americans in the west (January 4, 1819, page 36). The journal includes two religious poems (pages 12-13 and 21), one of which is attributed to Mrs. Isabella Graham. Additional manuscripts include one letter addressed to a sister and several prayers.

The Chicago to Colorado photograph album contains approximately 210 photographs taken by an unidentified photographer related to a tour from Chicago, Illinois, to Colorado and back again through Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

The Chicago to Colorado photograph album contains approximately 210 photographs taken by an unidentified photographer related to a tour from Chicago, Illinois, to Colorado and back again through Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The album (26 x 32 cm) has black paper covers and a manuscript note inside the front cover that reads: "Tour of 1903." Chicago-related photographs include a commercial street view, the Chicago River, and Lincoln Park. The following 191 photographs were taken in various locations around Colorado, including 20 images of commercial streets, residential streets, and parks in Denver and Colorado Springs; an early motorized sightseeing bus on a Colorado Springs street; and scenic views documenting visits to the Garden of the Gods, Pikes Peak, and the Gunnison River.

Several photographs show the main building and a small cabin at Sprague's Ranch in Moraine Park, Colorado. The travelers, a party of two men and a woman, are shown fishing, posing beside their platform tents, and sightseeing with larger groups. Also shown is the dramatic scenery of Ouray, Colorado, with views of the mountains, the box canyon, Silver Plume mines, and street scenes which include a stagecoach and loaded burros. Following several photographs of hotels in Glenwood Springs, Colorado, and a view of the Grand Canyon of the Arkansas, there are three images that show streets in Milwaukee, including the Schlitz Brewery, as well as two additional images of Chicago street scenes.

The Cook family photograph album contains carte-de-visite and tintype studio portraits of members of the Cook, Augusbury, and Zoller families of Cedar Rapids, Iowa; Boone, Iowa; and Watertown, New York.

The Cook family photograph album (15cm x 12cm) contains 16 cartes-de-visite, 6 tintype prints, and 2 card photographs. The pictures are studio portraits of members of the Cook, Augsbury, and Zoller families taken in Cedar Rapids, Iowa; Boone, Iowa; and Watertown, New York, in the late 19th century. Most photographs feature women, infants, and young children, and a list of captains identifies each person pictured. One card photograph shows a daguerreotype studio portrait of a young girl. The album's brown leather cover is stamped with decorative designs, some in gold. One of the volume's two original metal clasps is still affixed to the back cover.

The Henry Benton Austin collection contains letters that Austin wrote to a woman named "Hettie" and a manuscript map depicting the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Austin commented on his experiences while serving in the Union Army during the Civil War and expressed his displeasure with a transient lifestyle.

The Henry Benton Austin collection contains 3 letters that Austin wrote to a woman named "Hettie" and a manuscript map depicting the Battle of Ball's Bluff. The map, drawn with ink and pencil, shows geographic landmarks such as the Potomac River and the road to Leesburg, Virginia, as well as picket lines, battery positions, and the Confederate Army's furthest point of advancement ([1861]). Two of Austin's letters pertain to his war service (January 26, 1862, and undated). He reflected on the Battle of Ball's Bluff, which he referred to as "a day of human butchery," and described a boat carrying wounded soldiers. Austin reported that his unit had been equipped with Enfield rifles, complained about poor drinking water, and mentioned soldiers' difficulty drilling with heavy uniforms, knapsacks, and cartridge boxes in high heat. In his final letter, also undated and unsigned, Austin discussed his case of the "blues" and dissatisfaction with a "roving wandering kind of life."

This unattributed pocket ledger was likely kept by a man laboring as a carpenter, recording debts and credits related to his work from 1855 to 1864. The writer repaired items such as gates, doors, and boats. He also documented making doors, staining wood, sawing logs, getting in wood, drawing boards, working on houses, and framing buildings. Two pages at the end of the volume record his cash accounts in 1864, distinguishing between cash on hand, greenbacks, eastern bills, and scrip. Several other pages document hours worked on projects and various dimensions of wood for projects. Four outlines of what appears to be the end of a banister or other woodwork piece are drawn in pencil near the end of the volume. A list of woodworking tools and a carte-de-visite of a woman wearing a polka dot dress are stored in the back pocket of the volume.