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L. N. Fowler and W. R. Strachan provided a phrenological reading of Joseph Shore of New Bedford with pen and ink in the side margins of each page of the printed pamphlet Synopsis of Phrenology; and the Phrenological Developments, together with the Character and Talents of [Joseph Shore] as given by [L.N. Fowler and W.R. Strachan]... [New York, 1844?]. The printed volume is illustrated with phrenological charts, skull variations, and profiles of faces (including one of William Shakespeare). The yellow paper wrappers are four printed pages headed "Phrenology Proved by Pathological Facts."

L. N. Fowler and W. R. Strachan provided a phrenological reading of Joseph Shore of New Bedford with pen and ink in the side margins of each page of the printed pamphlet Synopsis of Phrenology; and the Phrenological Developments, together with the Character and Talents of [Joseph Shore] as given by [L.N. Fowler and W.R. Strachan]... [New York, 1844?]. The printed volume is illustrated with phrenological charts, skull variations, and profiles of faces (including one of William Shakespeare). The yellow paper wrappers are four printed pages headed "Phrenology Proved by Pathological Facts."

A currently unidentified person wrote this temperance speech in Madison, Connecticut, around 1849. The writer included extracts from previous annual reports of the Madison Temperance Society and provided a brief history of the society before writing about the effect of drinking and temperance on society.

A currently unidentified person wrote this temperance speech in Madison, Connecticut, around 1849. The writer included extracts from previous annual reports of the Madison Temperance Society and provided a brief history of the society before writing about the effect of drinking and temperance on society.

The extracts include the number and sex of adult members, as well as the number of juvenile members. The writer noted that a majority of the members were women and that a significant portion of members who pledged against the use of distilled liquors were self-proclaimed Sons and Daughters of Zion.

The writer frequently referenced the Gospel, proclaiming that "no drunkard shall inherit the Kingdom of Heaven" (page 20). They tell the story of a man in the prime of his life who, although working hard, could never acquire a "permanent home" for himself and his family because of his expenditures on alcohol. The writer insisted that if those men stopped spending their money on alcoholic beverages, they would be able to afford a home and good clothing for their family within a few years.

The speech concludes with a condemnation of members who violated their pledges, and a suggestion that further steps be taken to ascertain the exact number of society members on account of poor record-keeping.

This album, belonging to Martha Louise "Mattie" Day, contains 26 self-portraits drawn by Mattie's "C. H. S." classmates, and includes profile drawings, names, and brief comments relating to a shared experience.

This album, belonging to Martha Louise "Mattie" Day, contains 26 self-portraits drawn by Mattie's "C. H. S." classmates, and includes profile drawings, names, and brief comments relating to a shared experience.

Mattie wrote, "You are requested to draw your picture, with appropriate remarks" on the front paste-down. The bulk of the drawings were done by her female classmates, and their writing often referenced memories involving Mattie. Some made self-deprecating remarks about their appearances. "A. H." wrote, "When this you see/don't forget the eve we played and I beat you all at dominoes." Adilia H. wrote, "The rose is red/the violet blue/sugar is sweet/and so are you Mattie. Ever your friend." Many include the note, "Class '78 C.H.S." One pink ribbon is laid into the volume.

This 32-page manuscript notebook, dated to the second half of the eighteenth century, is an instruction manual for the systematic use of color in mapmaking. Though the writer and exact date of publication are unknown, it is assumed that the writer was a master mapmaker and that this notebook was meant to be distributed to students who were learning how to make maps. An English translation of the notebook is published in "Coloring Manuscript Maps in the Eighteenth Century," Clements Library Occasional Bulletin 4 (January 2017): 5-11.

This 32-page manuscript notebook, dated to the second half of the eighteenth century, is an instruction manual on the systematic use of color in mapmaking. Though the writer and exact date of publication are unknown, it is assumed that the writer was a master mapmaker and that this notebook was meant to be distributed to students who were learning how to make maps. An English translation of the notebook is published in "Coloring Manuscript Maps in the Eighteenth Century," Clements Library Occasional Bulletin 4 (January 2017): 5-11.

The writer begins by explaining the process that one should follow when preparing and using colors for a map. After the writer explains how to mix colors, they offer detailed notes about the use of eight main colors; a palette of those colors is found on page three of the manuscript. Throughout the rest of the manuscript, the writer explains how to mix colors and correctly render features like cultivated lands, meadows, pastures, woods, vineyards, mountains, trees, hedges, rocks, quarries, sand, and rivers. Interspersed throughout the manuscript is the writer's observations about common mapmaking mistakes and diagrams illustrating different techniques.

Orson Squire Fowler provided a phrenological reading of Amos Mathess in pencil on the top and bottom margins of each page of the printed pamphlet Synopsis of Phrenology; and the Phrenological Developments, together with the Character and Talents of [Amos Mathess] as given by [O. S. Fowler]..., New York: Fowlers and Wells, Clinton Hall, 131 Nassau Street, 1851. The reading is dated December 2, 1851. The printed volume is illustrated with phrenological charts, skull variations, and profiles of faces (including one of William Shakespeare). The front bears a printed phrenological chart, "Symbolical Head," showing each area of the head illustrated with people and objects related to the "Numbering and Definition of the Organs." The back is a printed advertisement for The American Phrenological Journal, published by Fowlers and Wells.

Orson Squire Fowler provided a phrenological reading of Amos Mathess in pencil on the top and bottom margins of each page of the printed pamphlet Synopsis of Phrenology; and the Phrenological Developments, together with the Character and Talents of [Amos Mathess] as given by [O. S. Fowler] ..., New York: Fowlers and Wells, Clinton Hall, 131 Nassau Street, 1851. page. The reading is dated December 2, 1851. The printed volume is illustrated with phrenological charts, skull variations, and profiles of faces (including one of William Shakespeare). The front bears a printed phrenological chart, "Symbolical Head," showing each area of the head illustrated with people and objects related to the "Numbering and Definition of the Organs." The back is a printed advertisement for The American Phrenological Journal, published by Fowlers and Wells.

This impassioned speech about the dangers of intemperance, licentiousness, and infidelity was given at Polkville, New York, in May 1848. The currently unidentified orator warned against travelling exhibitions, theatre, sleight of hand, "modern ball room influence," and public singing.

This impassioned speech about the dangers of intemperance, licentiousness, and infidelity was given at Polkville, New York, in May 1848. The currently unidentified orator warned against travelling exhibitions, theatre, sleight of hand, "modern ball room influence," and public singing. They also make what may or may not be a reference to Dr. R. H. Collyer's "Model Artists" (pertinent to animal magnetism/mesmerism).

The author discussed the monetary profits of tavernkeepers, landlords, and rum-sellers, and also condemned those who indirectly supported liquor dealers through the support of balls, or dinners with oysters and cigars. The people who attended such gatherings were labelled as aiders and abettors. Within the speech is the motto "To the rescue of the World from the reign of King Alcohol."

The orator argued that the decline, crime, mutiny, and subsequent execution Philip Spencer (1823-1842) was the result of intemperance influenced by "The Pirate's Own Book." Other subjects mentioned include college life, party politics, and the need for all temperance supporters and societies to work together despite political and social differences.

Rd. Kraker created this 20-page handwritten booklet titled "Little Girl's Own Book," with an introduction dated April 1, 1864. The manuscript was "Brilliantly Illustrated by Darling" and identified as a first edition in the "1st Series of Confederate Primers," "printed" by the "Southern Emesis Book and job Printing Office." The booklet contains a story, with added notes on proper behavior. According to Kraker's introduction, the content was gleaned from conversations in the "Lager Bier Saloon of Hanns Kroftler" and its earnestness and sentiment was adapted to the "comprehension and bias of mind of the female children of the south." The author told the story of a Northern and a Southern girl, in which the girl in the north became tired of living on a farm and eating onions, so decided to travel to the warmer climate of the south and visit her friend. Upon arriving by train, she witnessed a battle and fell in love with a Confederate soldier. After he returned to the battlefield, she gained solace from her southern friend, through listening to music, by singing and writing, and by seeking treatment for sadness from a physician.

Rd. Kraker created this 20-page handwritten booklet titled "Little Girl's Own Book," with an introduction dated April 1, 1864. The manuscript was "Brilliantly Illustrated by Darling" and identified as a first edition in the "1st Series of Confederate Primers," "printed" by the "Southern Emesis Book and job Printing Office." The booklet contains a story, with added notes on proper behavior. According to Kraker's introduction, the content was gleaned from conversations in the "Lager Bier Saloon of Hanns Kroftler" and its earnestness and sentiment was adapted to the "comprehension and bias of mind of the female children of the south."

The author told the story of a Northern and a Southern girl, in which the girl in the north became tired of living on a farm and eating onions, so decided to travel to the warmer climate of the south and visit her friend. Upon arriving by train, she witnessed a battle and fell in love with a Confederate soldier. After he returned to the battlefield, she gained solace from her southern friend, through listening to music, by singing and writing, and by seeking treatment for sadness from a physician. One of the songs referenced is Charles Carroll Sawyer and Henry Tucker's "When Will This Cruel War Be Over?"

• A moving train, "ye adventurus maid going to the Sunny South."
• A battle scene, with firing cannon, and a freestanding chimney beside two men (one laying on the ground, the other standing), "Findeth ye home desolate."
• Boxes and barrels of goods, "Tobacco &c Tar & Turpentine" and "Pine Trees" beside a jug marked "apple jack."
• Barrels, with a pitcher and glass atop one of them marked "Buorbon" [i.e. Bourbon], "ye Stapels continued."
• A woman in a rocking chair weeping into a handkerchief while a man in a soldier's uniform walks away.
• A piano.
• Four people walking; the two in front are a man and a woman.
• A woman standing, holding what appears to be a fan.
• A farmhouse beside a fence, animals, a birdhouse, and a tree with gourds hanging from its branches (as homes for Martins).
• A woman seated, knitting.
• A woman playing the piano; another woman stands beside her with a hand on her shoulder. They are singing, "When this Cruel war is over-!"
• Vision of injured soldiers, one leg amputee standing with crutches.
• A woman seated and writing a letter.
• A physician seated at a tent opening, reading a letter.

The text includes a parody of physician's explanation and prescription to the disconsolate young woman. The instructions read:

"The exostotic exudation overcoming the endosmotic implication in the peri and endocardium, pluviates the sanguinious, and decalorificates the systemic platitudes. The circumambient exoteric disintegrates the envelope and allows the exoteric functions to retrospect the perihelion of animal deficiancies. The pia mater interconvoluted with the [?] covering and becomes simultaneously congested by contact with the [?] substance. Hence retrovision becomes duplicated and prevision imparalelized. The remedy is equally perspicuous and followed earnestly will inevitably effect a cure..."

The volume includes several lines and paragraphs written in German Kurrantschrift. The most robust is the final page, headed by the text "The Soldier's Lament" and "Der Betrübte-lammantiert Soldadt," followed by a poetic description of snow-capped mountains and remarks on girls' behavior, i.e. "Wie schön wäre es [wenn?] die kleine Mädchen immer die Wahrheit sprächen" (How nice would it be [if?] little girls always spoke the truth), etc.

The Samuel G. Drake Additions and Corrections manuscript is comprised of 121 pages of corrections, revisions, and notes Drake compiled around 1866 while he edited a new edition of Francis Baylies's 1830 book An Historical Memoir of the Colony of New Plymouth.

This manuscript is broken up into chapters one through nine (excluding chapter five), totaling 91 items (121 manuscript pages). Each chapter title page contains lists of the sources Drake referenced in that chapter. In chapter one, Drake gave his justifications for editing Baylies's work and explained the extent of his contributions; he was primarily concerned with Baylies's lack of citations and the need to update the book with new information that arose since its initial publication.

In this manuscript, Drake synthesized new secondary sources alongside his own analysis of primary sources. He kept his own notes, including family trees and short biographies of individuals. For example, on page eight Drake sketched Elizabeth Poole's family tree, and on page seven he described his difficulty finding information for her short biography. At the end of chapter one, he listed all the towns of New Plymouth and gave brief histories of them. Drake also kept detailed footnotes throughout the manuscript to keep track of his sources, add commentary, and provide clarification. In some chapters, Drake dedicated two or three pages to copies of long excerpts from other sources. For example, in chapter four, he copied primary source letters from men who lived in Plymouth in the seventeenth century, like John Cotton and Josiah Minslow.

This 8-page manuscript speech was written by a currently unidentified author in the United States seeking the presidency in a temperance society, perhaps sometime in the 1840s or 1850s. The orator addressed "Fellow Citizens" and focused their anti-alcohol rhetoric on moral, social, and political issues. They focused on the fiscal costs of prosecutions, imprisonment, and overcrowded jails; on election corruption due to intemperate men selling their votes for alcohol money; and on the damnation of "drunkards" resulting from the immorality of liquor distributors. He expressed sympathy for the intemperate while simultaneously blaming them for moral failings. Brief references to the sex of the intemperate and conflict with Great Britain are present. The orator occasionally drew language and comparisons used in speeches and letters of the American Temperance Union, New-York Society for the Promotion of Intemperance, and others.

This 8-page manuscript speech was written by a currently unidentified author in the United States seeking the presidency in a temperance society, perhaps sometime in the 1840s or 1850s. The orator addressed "Fellow Citizens" and focused their anti-alcohol rhetoric on moral, social, and political issues. They focused on the fiscal costs of prosecutions, imprisonment, and overcrowded jails; on election corruption due to intemperate men selling their votes for alcohol money; and on the damnation of "drunkards" resulting from the immorality of liquor distributors. He expressed sympathy for the intemperate while simultaneously blaming them for moral failings. Brief references to the sex of the intemperate and conflict with Great Britain are present. The orator occasionally drew language and comparisons used in speeches and letters of the American Temperance Union, New-York Society for the Promotion of Intemperance, and others. The manuscript is made up of loose pages, hand-sewn on the left.

• Alcohol should only be consumed as prescribed by a "temperance Physician."
• The intemperate include not only laboring classes, but legislators and justice officials.
• The "stability of our free institutions" is at stake because of intemperate people's willingness to sell their votes for funds to purchase alcohol; the speaker claims that thousands of votes have been corrupted and that political parties filter money into elections for this purpose.
• Enough money is spent on alcohol to pay off the United States' foreign debt. Estimates $15,000,000/year spent in "this state alone."
• Bar rooms prepare people for crimes and God never gave people the right to get drunk. Distilleries are "smoking breathing holes of hell"; "...there are men, who would build grogshops, on a volcano if they could make money by it -- Nay they would go down, to the verry confines of hell and build grogshops there if they could only make money --" Reformed men should take their old rags and give them to the rum sellers, so that they might become paper makers. The drinker is wicked.
• Female drinkers are few and far between (crossed out is a sentence saying "but, I have saw a woman beastly drunk between this and the borough").
• Some of the intemperate succeed in escaping, but those who do not might become robbers or pirates. Wives, children, and society lose nothing when the drunkard dies, regardless of whether he has been a "tender father, a finished scholar, a profound statesman," but the addict loses his soul. They end up "Frozen in a storm, or drowned, or dying on his bed of straw, with delirium tremens, devils seizing him before his time, with none to care for him, none to lament him."
• "Drunkards demand our sympathy, I make no apology for drunkenness -- It is a sin, for which there can be no apology -- The moderate drinker, is master of himself -- He does what he does, deliberately, of free choice, feeling, and knowing, as he says, that there is no danger." But this is a slippery slope.
• "The Queen of England might send an army against us, and we could drive them into the sea -- But we must fight against intoxicating drinks by letting it alone come forward sign the pledge..."

This manuscript rhyming poem written by "Hazel" is about a young girl who hung an extra Christmas stocking for an impoverished child, and Santa Claus' enlistment of elves to help provide gifts.

This manuscript rhyming poem written by "Hazel" is about a young girl who hung an extra Christmas stocking for an impoverished child, and Santa Claus' enlistment of elves to help provide gifts.

The poem is written in a blank book bound with red, white, and green braid, and pages featuring printed decorative borders of holly. The volume also features six watercolor illustrations depicting Santa, the elves, and the gifts in the stockings. The cover bears the title and painted holly and leaves.

An inscription on inside front cover reads "A merry Christmas from Hazel."