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The collection consists of correspondence related to the Griffin family of New York City and includes 58 letters that George Griffin and his family exchanged between 1833 and 1854 with author Lydia H. Sigourney of Hartford, Connecticut. Additional material includes letters written by Sigourney about her work and correspondence among members of the Griffin family that provides commentary on family life, two extended trips to Europe, Protestant theology, and higher education. The final series in the collection includes manuscript copies of several of Sigourney's poems, including one on the death of American poet John Trumbull and another on the "Death of a Missionary to Liberia."

The collection consists of correspondence related to the Griffin family of New York City and includes 58 letters that George Griffin and his family exchanged between 1833 and 1854 with author Lydia H. Sigourney of Hartford, Connecticut, as well as several other pieces of correspondence written by Sigourney and others. The second series of the collection includes several folders of correspondence among members of the Griffin family, especially letters of fatherly advice that George Griffin wrote to his sons Edmund Dorr Griffin (1804-1830) and George Griffin, Jr. (1811-1880). In addition to narratives of family life, the bulk of these letters involve accounts of two extended trips to Europe as well as discussions of Protestant theology and higher education. The final series in the collection is a 3-page manuscript copy of Sigourney's poem on the death, in 1831, of American poet John Trumbull.

Sigourney Correspondence, 1833-1854: This subseries consists primarily of Lydia H. Sigourney's correspondence with her close friend and intermediary, George Griffin, and his family in New York City. Thee letters from Lydia Sigourney, dated in 1857 and 1858, may or may not have been to Douglas Smith. In them, she offered a brief remark on her own aging and disclaimed the notion of striving to appear young; content on shipping books to the U.S. Consul; and an interest in agricultural sciences.

Much of Sigourney's correspondence with George Griffin directly involves her work as an author and her position as a woman in that profession. She frequently sent him copies of her written pieces, some of which had already been published in periodicals, asking for advice about the content of the work and about how she might pursue publication. In the course of doing so, she remarked upon her writing and revision process. These letters also specifically address her negotiations, often through Griffin's work as intermediary, with the Key & Biddle, Harpers, Leavitt, Lord & Co., D. Appleton, and Van Nostrand publishing firms, as well as the publication of her Letters to Young Ladies (1833 and 1841), Poems (1834), Sketches (1834), Girl's Reading-book (1838), and Letters to Mothers (1838). Additionally, a small number of letters from 1840 deal with Sigourney's trip to Europe.

Griffin, in turn, kept Sigourney apprised of developments with publishing firms as well as on the sale and review of her work. He candidly offered his response to works she had sent him, as well as general advice on the direction of her literary career. As a writer himself, he too sought feedback for his work, which took the form of theological essays. A manuscript copy of one of the reviews of his book, The Gospel its Own Advocate , appears in this series. Both correspondents also reflected on the challenges facing the publishing industry during the financial crisis of the late 1830s (especially the Panic of 1837) and shared their opinions on the state of American literary culture.

This series also includes letters that Sigourney exchanged with George Griffin's wife, Lydia Butler Griffin, and daughter Caroline. These pieces tended to relate family news and household matters but also included reflections on reading and Sigourney's involvement in various charitable societies. She briefly remarked on her relationship with her African American servant, Ann Prince. In addition, Sigourney conveyed in her letters to George Griffin that she valued the responses of his wife and daughters to her work. Finally, the series contains 2 letters composed by Charles Sigourney, Lydia Sigourney's husband, and ten letters written by Lydia Sigourney relating to her work, public appreciation of it, school celebrations, and social matters.

Griffin Family Correspondence, 1807-1885: The Griffin Family correspondence contains over 150 letters, dated between 1807 and 1885, that relate to George Griffin (1778-1860) of New York City and his family.

Most of the letters from the 1820s deal with Edmund Dorr Griffin (1804-1830), the second son of George and Lydia Butler Griffin. A handful of these items chart his religious convictions and pathway to becoming an Episcopal minister. The bulk of these letters, however, are ones that Edmund exchanged with his parents, siblings, and friends during the extended trip he took to Europe between October 1828 and April 1830. George Griffin's letters to Edmund during this trip are full of advice and directives about where to travel, what to observe, and practicalities about money. He also kept his son informed about matters that were unfolding among the Episcopal churches in New York and at Columbia College. Although George Griffin was the primary writer of these letters, many of them include notes from other family members as well, with accounts of family life, including the courtship and marriage of Edmund's older brother Francis to Mary Sands.

Edmund's letters home narrate his journey and impressions of Europe in extensive detail. George Griffin actively compiled his son's epistles to have them published in periodicals, and upon Edmund's death in September 1830, these travel accounts (not all of which are included in the collection) made up the bulk of the "Remains" compiled by Francis Griffin and published in his brother's memory in 1831. Letters pertaining to the preparation and reception of this document, as well as a 12-page account of Edmund's final days, can be found in Series I and II of the collection.

Another group of letters from 1830 chart George Griffin, Jr.'s (1811-1880) sudden religious awakening and decision to pursue ministerial training under the care of his uncle, Edward Dorr Griffin (1770-1837), a Congregational minister and the president of Williams College. Later letters in the collection reveal that George Griffin, Jr., eventually became a farmer in Catskill, New York, and deal with his efforts to sell his hay. He would also travel to Europe, in 1850, with his ailing sister Caroline (1820-1861). While they were away, their father conveyed advice regularly and procured letters of introduction, some of which remain in the collection.

Additional materials include subjects related to male and female friendship; family financial matter; the births, deaths, or marriages of family members; education; Protestant theology; health and medicine; early telegraph communication; and family genealogy. The handful of items that date to the 1870s and 1880s include a printed piece called "Dear Erskie!" which contains a series of riddles, and a fifteen-page booklet that includes two poems titled "Picnic" and "Archery."

Lydia Sigourney Poems, Notes, and Photograph

This series consists of six items: a 3-page manuscript copy of Sigourney's poem on the death of American poet John Trumbull in 1831; a manuscript copy of "Death of a Missionary to Liberia" written for theColonization Herald; her poem "Tomb of Josephine"; Sigourney's manuscript copy of an 1849 printed notice regarding Whisper to a Bride that she sent to an autograph collector; a "List of L. H. Sigourney's published poetical works" (ca. 1857? in her hand); and a carte-de-visite seated portrait of Lydia H. Sigourney. The photograph was published by E. & H. T. Anthony & Co., New York, from a photographic negative in Brady's National Portrait Gallery. It is signed by Lydia H. Sigourney to her friend Mrs. E. Douglas Smith.

This collection contains letters that Harriet E. Walker received from family members and friends, as well as letters addressed to her mother, who lived in Palmyra, New York. Several of Walker's female correspondents wrote about their daily lives in New York, and her brother James commented on gender relations. Walker also wrote to her mother about her studies at Mount Holyoke Female Seminary.

This collection contains letters that Harriet E. Walker ("Hattie") received from family members and friends, as well as letters addressed to her mother, who lived in Palmyra, New York. Several of Walker's female correspondents wrote about their daily lives in New York, and her brother James commented on gender relations. Walker also wrote to her mother about her studies at Mount Holyoke Female Seminary.

Walker's mother wrote frequently, inquiring after her daughter's health and providing updates on events around the family's home in Palmyra, New York; she also shared news regarding Walker's brother James. Other letters concern Harriet's return to Mount Holyoke Female Seminary following an illness in 1845. Walker's friend, A. Hall, admired her desire to become "useful and valuable to your friends and society" (November 3, 1845).

The collection also contains correspondence addressed to Walker's mother, also named Harriet, including a letter from James Walker about gender relations (July 19, 1841). Walker also wrote to her mother about her life at Mount Holyoke Female Seminary in the early 1840s, including a list of activities that prevented her from writing more frequently (November 8, 1842).

This collection is made up of two volumes containing book containing essays and poetry composed by Henry Dickinson, as well as a register of boys and girls who attended the Westtown ("Weston") School in West Chester, Pennsylvania, between 1799 and 1805. The first volume is made up of undated essays and poetry often relate to religious topics, and the second volume is a friendship album of poetry and extracts, copied and addressed to Dickinson from his Weston School classmates between 1805 and 1806.

This collection is made up of two volumes containing book containing essays and poetry composed by Henry Dickinson, as well as a register of boys and girls who attended the Westtown ("Weston") School in West Chester, Pennsylvania, between 1799 and 1805. The first volume is made up of undated essays and poetry often relate to religious topics, and the second volume is a friendship album of poetry and extracts, copied and addressed to Dickinson from his West-Town Boarding School classmates between 1805 and 1806.

Volume 1 contains undated essays and poetry composed by Henry Dickinson, as well as a register of boys and girls who attended the Westtown ("Weston") School in West Chester, Pennsylvania, between 1799 and 1805.

The first section (21 pages), entitled "Henry Dickinson's Piece Book," contains essays, epigrams, and poetic excerpts, often dealing with religious topics. One essay, entitled "Carianers," examines the native people of the Ava Kingdom, in what is now Myanmar (Burma).

The remainder of the book, beginning from the opposite cover, is labeled "Henry Dickinson's Book" and consists of ledgers of female and male students admitted to the Westtown School between 1799 and 1805. This register is divided by gender, and covers approximately 500 female students (31 pages) and 430 male students (23 pages). Each name is accompanied by the individual's student number, age, parents' names, and place of residence. Henry Dickinson is listed as number 329 in the list of male students. Most of the students came from the area around Philadelphia, and several came from Wilmington, Delaware. Near the end, both ledgers have several skipped or incomplete entries.

Volume 2 contains around 20 poems and extracts of poems copied by Henry Dickinson's classmates at Weston/West-Town/Westtown Boarding School between 1805 and 1806. The extracts are predominantly religious in nature, including, for example, excerpt from Edward Young's poetry on hope, Isaac Watts' Excellency of the Bible, Henry Baker's The Universe, and many others. Each copyist is identified after their contribution.

This collection primarily consists of 44 letters exchanged between members of the Hunter family of Wiseburg, Maryland, in 1859. Eliza Hunter ("Lida") received 19 letters from her parents, Margaret and Pleasant Hunter, when she was studying at Linden Hall Seminary in Lititz, Pennsylvania; she responded with 4 letters and 1 brief note. Other letters between female cousins and sisters concern various aspects of their lives, such as education, travel, and family news.

This collection primarily consists of 44 letters exchanged between members of the Hunter family of Wiseburg, Maryland, in 1859. Eliza Hunter ("Lida") received 19 letters from her parents, Margaret and Pleasant Hunter, when she was studying at Linden Hall Seminary in Lititz, Pennsylvania; she responded with 4 letters and 1 brief note. Other letters between female cousins and sisters concern various aspects of their lives, such as education, travel, and family news. Also included are 2 newspaper clippings and a receipt. With the exception of 1 letter written in 1856, 2 written in 1866, and 2 undated items, the letters all date between January 16, 1859, and December 8, 1859.

The Hunters provided Eliza with family and social news from their home in Wiseburg, Maryland. They often commented on health issues, deaths, and correspondence with cousins and other family members. In her letter of May 27, 1859, Eliza's mother described two deaths caused by railroad accidents. Eliza discussed some of her experiences while in school, and included details about her studies and about her social life.

Other female cousins and family members also wrote to unidentified members of the Hunter family, commenting on education, social news, visits to Baltimore, and other aspects of their lives. Eliza Hunter's cousin Annie wrote a letter from Natchez, Mississippi, about her upcoming journey home and about the recent explosion of the steamboat Princess (March 13, 1859); she also mentioned an African American man who wanted to return home with her. In 2 letters to her sister (September and December 1859), a woman named Clara mentioned her five miscarriages, her elderly mother's affairs, and the cost of feeding herself and her household (which included a nurse and food for her "woman" and 4 slaves).

Eliza also received brief letters from female acquaintances she knew from Linden Hall, who wrote of their journeys home from the school in the summer of 1859. Two newspaper clippings, one of which is dated 1866, discuss Byron Sunderland, former chaplain to the United States Senate, and a political speech by Frederick Douglass.

Ina L. Cooper kept this notebook to record her notes on Physiological Psychology in the spring term of 1889 and on Language Method in the fall term of 1890, likely reflecting training she was receiving to become a teacher. The Physiological Psychology section includes information about different bodily processes and their impact on pedagogy and student learning. Some of the physiological concepts noted include the nervous system, digestion, the senses, apperception and reproduction, attention and interest, among others. In the Language Method section, Ina Cooper kept notes regarding methods for instruction, ethics, and particulars relating to spelling, botanical study, and grammar.

Ina L. Cooper kept this notebook to record her notes on Physiological Psychology in the spring term of 1889 and on Language Method in the fall term of 1890, likely reflecting training she was receiving to become a teacher. The Physiological Psychology section includes information about different bodily processes and their impact on pedagogy and student learning. Some of the physiological concepts noted include the nervous system, digestion, the senses, apperception and reproduction, attention and interest, among others. In the Language Method section, Ina Cooper kept notes regarding methods for instruction, ethics, and particulars relating to spelling, botanical study, and grammar.

This collection contains correspondence that Julia Dougrey of Lansingburgh, New York, received during and after her time at St. Mary's Hall in Burlington, New Jersey. The bulk of the collection consists of letters from Julia's friends at the school, who described their experiences there and aired complaints about its regimen and teachers. Dougrey also received social letters from her sisters Mary and Clarissa Ann, as well as letters from friends in New Haven, Connecticut.

This collection contains correspondence that Julia Dougrey of Lansingburgh, New York, received during and after her time at St. Mary's Hall in Burlington, New Jersey. Her sister Mary wrote the first 5 letters between May 1837 and February 1838, while Julia lived and studied at St. Mary's Hall. Mary expressed her pleasure at hearing that Julia enjoyed the school, shared social news from Lansingburgh, and reported on their sister Clarissa, then living in Marshall, Michigan.

Julia Dougrey received most of the remaining dated letters from friends at St. Mary's Hall after returning home around 1839. Her correspondents included Augusta Whipple, one of the school's two female teachers, and 3 women who referred to themselves using male pseudonyms; one of these, "John," referred to herself as Julia's "husband." Correspondents from St. Mary's reported details of their lives of the school, provided updates on other students, and shared their opinions of its strict rules and "cross" teachers. The women were only allowed to write letters once weekly, and often reported feeling homesick. One letter contains a poem dedicated to Julia (July 21, 1838).

Other correspondence includes 2 letters to Julia Dougrey from her sister Clarissa, who wrote of her social life in Marshall, Michigan (July 28, 1840), and Chicago, Illinois (September 1844), and undated letters from acquaintances in New Haven, Connecticut. The collection also contains an anonymous love letter and poem written in Troy, New York, under the pseudonym "Rowland Abbot" (March 12, 1841). Julia Dougrey wrote one letter to a sister-in-law Frances on September 12, 1842.

This collection is made up of correspondence written by members of the Kendall and Brown families of New Lebanon, New York, during the late 19th century. John Kendall's daughters Mary, Ellen, and Sarah wrote to each other while attending schools in Connecticut and New York in the 1850s, and continued to provide family news in later letters. Charles H. Brown wrote a series of letters to his parents while living with his grandparents and attending school near Pittsfield, Massachusetts, in the mid-1870s. Other items include receipts for boarding school tuition.

This collection (39 items) contains correspondence written by members of the Kendall and Brown families of New Lebanon, New York, during the late 19th century. John Kendall's daughters Mary, Ellen, and Sarah wrote to each other while attending schools in Connecticut and New York in the 1850s, and continued to provide family news in later letters. Charles H. Brown wrote a series of letters to his parents while living with his grandparents and attending school near Pittsfield, Massachusetts, in the mid-1870s. Other items include receipts for boarding school tuition.

The Kendall sisters exchanged letters in the mid- to late 1850s, while Ellen C. Kendall attended the Ingham Collegiate Institute in Le Roy, New York, and Sarah W. Kendall attended the Wadawanuck Young Ladies' Institute in Stonington, Connecticut. They shared news of their social lives and described their educational experiences, such as Ellen's desire to take painting classes. Between 1874 and 1876, Charles H. Brown wrote to his parents, discussing his schoolwork, local and family news, and his religious beliefs. In one letter, he reported on a large fire, and in another he mentioned a school lecture on leaders of the antislavery movement. Many of his letters include weather charts. Brown wrote one additional letter to his parents while working as a machinist for a railroad company in Dunkirk, New York, in 1880. Later correspondence includes a letter that William Armistead Collier wrote to his cousin, Walter Brown, and a letter by E. F. Boyden about a statue of Seth Boyden erected in Newark, New Jersey. An undated letter from Ellen Kendall to Sarah Kendall Brown includes a drawing of a woman.

Sarah W. Kendall's husband, Henry L. Brown, received receipts for tuition for Charles H. Brown at the Greylock Institute in South Williamstown, Massachusetts, in 1876, and for Harvey Brown at the Mount Hermon School in Mount Hermon, Massachusetts, in 1888.

This collection consists of incoming letters sent to Mary Averell Knap of Brownsville and Ogdensburg, New York, between 1850 and 1862, and letters sent to her granddaughter, Lydia Averell Hasbrouck, of Ogdensburg, New York, in 1885 and 1886 by her cousin, Thomas Whitney Brown. The correspondence concerns daily life, occasional references to the Civil War, literature, and Brown's attempts to gain admission to the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University).

The Knap-Whitney family letters consist of approximately 88 letters. The correspondence addressed to Mary Averell Knap includes 4 outgoing and approximately 75 incoming personal letters dated between 1848 and 1864. Her parents, friends, cousins, and other family members commented on their daily lives, with occasional references to the Civil War. Mary Knap's father, Thomas Knap, informed his daughter about his life in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in the fall of 1850, and occasionally discussed the sermons he heard. After 1850, Mary's correspondents primarily included her cousins and friends. In the mid-1850s, Maria M. Campbell (later Smith), a cousin, wrote about her education and social life at St. Mary's Hall, Burlington, New Jersey, and in October 1858 discussed her relocation to Fort Mason, Texas (resultant from her husband's affiliation with the United States Army's Second Cavalry). Susie P. Willene wrote of her life in "Frankford," and in one letter she shared her distaste for recent political developments in South Carolina, despite her southern heritage (June 22, 1855). Other friends reported social news, such as marriages and, in one instance, the author's secret engagement. Knap also received letters from several men, including one written in German.

Though Mary Knap continued to receive letters throughout the Civil War, her correspondents primarily focused on personal matters, such as her cousin Will's efforts to establish a forge at Fort Pitt, Pennsylvania. Others described a visit to an army encampment in Washington, D.C., and mentioned a soldier's aid society.

Mary A. Knap also wrote 4 letters to George Whitney in 1857, about her life in Brownsville and his unreciprocated romantic advances.

The correspondence sent from Thomas Brown Whitney of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to his cousin, Lydia Averell Hasbrouck of Ogdensburg, New York, includes 8 letters dated from 1885 and 1886 and 1 letter dated in 1940. He shared family news and stories, and commented on his daily life. An avid reader, he frequently discussed literature and literary figures, such as Lords Tennyson and Byron, and occasionally copied poetry into his letters. Whitney enjoyed fencing, and drew several figures fighting in his letter of December 26, 1885. After September 1885, the letters concentrate on his desire to attend College of New Jersey (now Princeton University), and he wrote of his studies, college entrance exams, and classes in Latin. On April 6, 1886, he voiced his concerns about "hazing and general fighting" at Princeton. His letter dated March 23, 1940, reflects on a bout of "grippe" and attitudes towards the Second World War, including German anti-war sentiment.

The Langstroth Family papers document the activities and relationships of several generations of the Langstroth family, originally of Philadelphia, including the founding of several schools for women and African Americans, the experiences of a patient the Friends Asylum, and service in the Civil War.

The correspondence series comprises 600 items covering 1831-1955, and sheds light on the personal lives, careers, and activities of several generations of the Langstroth family. The bulk of the earliest letters, dating from the 1830s, are from Catharine Langstroth to her father and siblings. These letters concern the death of her sister Sarah, financial issues, and the health of several family members, including Margaretta, and refer to temperance (July 20, 1835 “It affords me much pleasure to know that you gathered in your hay on temperance principles”) and religious study. One letter of particular interest is dated January 3, 1839, and was written by Margaretta during a stay at the Friends Asylum in Philadelphia. It describes a harrowing series of treatments for unspecified mental problems: “My head has been cut open to the bone for 3 inches; and large [peas?] inserted; a lead placed over the slit and on the top of this a bread & milk poultice has been applied for two months… My hair has been shaved at least 6 times; and three times since the head was opened.” Margaretta also described the Asylum’s lectures, food, and other patients (“only deranged at intervals”).

Letters from the 1840s and 1850s were written by a variety of family members and document the founding of Mount Holly Institute for Young Ladies; the courtship of Thomas Langstroth, III, and Mary Hauss; and a range of religious attitudes, from Margaretta’s intense piety to Thomas’ doubt (December 12, 1853: “most all the young men in our church just before they got married have made a profession of religion, and how have they turned out! Look at them one half are as bad as they were before: but I have no right to judge.”). In early 1855, Margaretta wrote a series of letters from near Pine Bluff, Arkansas, describing her efforts at religious and educational outreach to slaves, for whom she felt sympathy (February 7, 1855: “Slaves! poor slaves! how my heart bleeds for them, they toil from night to morn, from morn to night--live and die here without knowledge enough to save the soul.”).

Little documentation of the family exists from the Civil War period, despite Edward and Thomas’ service on opposite sides, but Edward’s letter to Margaretta of July 14, 1865, indicates a rift between himself and his sisters, perhaps arising from his joining the Confederacy. Letters of the 1860s and 1870s are mainly incoming to Margaretta and concern teaching, finances, and advice. A number of letters to Thomas from the 1880s contain information about his brother Edward’s health. Approximately 25 folders of letters date from the 20th-century and were written between Hugh Tener Langstroth, his sister, Sara Paxson, and other relatives. These concern travel, social visits, health, and business matters.

The financial and legal documents series consists of 124 items relating to the Langstroth family, covering 1778-1913. It includes wills, records relating to milling, land indentures, an account book of 1814-1817 kept by Thomas Langstroth, Jr., paperwork related to loans, and other materials. Some materials relate to the bank failure which forced Langstroth to sell his mill in 1836. Only 15 items date from 1851-1913.

The diaries and journals series represents six volumes and a few fragments, covering the 1830s to the 1860s, all written by Margaretta Langstroth. The volumes dating from the 1830s contain biographies of historical figures and may have been used in school. Subsequent diaries recorded daily entries of varying length, covering parts of 1864-1868. The 1864 volume includes Margaretta’s memorials of deceased family members and is thus a good source of genealogical information. More commonly, her entries describe daily activities, religious meditations, and frequently seem to reflect a fragile mental state, as in this exceprt of April 15, 1865: “Abraham Lincoln shot in the Washington Theatre Secretary Sewar [sic] had this throat cut I hope Edwar [sic] has no hand in this what makes me fear that he had” or an entry of June 19, 1866, describing the death of a robin: “I felt very badly cannot describe my suffering poor bird…read hymns as it was dying wondering if it would live elsewhere[.] In bed all day so distressed so wretched…” In a number of passages, Margaretta noted the Sunday School classes that she taught, and commented on the number of students and the subjects of her lessons.

The Laura Rowell letters are made up of Rowell's incoming personal correspondence from 1853-1860. Family members and friends wrote about their lives in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Kentucky.

This collection is made up of 69 incoming personal letters to Laura F. Rowell of Amesbury, Massachusetts. Her brother, Charles E. Rowell, and numerous cousins and acquaintances, mostly female, commented on their daily lives in New England. They wrote about their social activities, education, marriage, fashion, food, and other subjects. Some of Rowell's correspondents had been her classmates at Peirce Academy in Middleboro, Massachusetts, and they reminisced about their experiences. Mary E. Thomas's letter of October 25, 1857, has an illustrated letterhead showing the Peirce Academy. Tilden Upton, a teacher, wrote about life in Springfield, Kentucky, after moving there in the mid-1850s. In his letter of September 11, 1856, he described his journey to the South, where he saw slaves. Stevens S. Clough, Laura's cousin, wrote a letter from Columbia, California, where he was a miner (November 25, 1858). Rowell's most frequent correspondents were Charles E. Rowell, Tilden Upton, Mary E. Thomas, "Elisa," and "Lizzie." A printed program concerns Peirce Academy anniversary celebrations held in August 1857.