Collections : [University of Michigan William L. Clements Library]

Frederic Olmsted’s pocket journal contains brief, almost daily entries of his life in the Union Army from January 1, 1863, to September 5, 1863. During this time, he was assigned the task of overseeing slaves on several Louisiana sugar plantations. Olmsted was taken as a prisoner of war at Brashear, Louisiana, after which he spent several weeks on Ship Island (as a parolee) before returning home to Connecticut in August 1863.

Frederic Olmsted's journal contains an account of his service with the Union Army’s 23rd Connecticut Infantry, which was attached to the defenses of New Orleans and the district of Lafourche, Louisiana. The journal is 3"x5" and is made up of brief, almost daily entries.

For January and February, his entries describe the daily life of a Union soldier while not engaged in active combat -- foraging for food, hunting, and endless drilling. Beginning in March 1863, he was involved in overseeing slaves on several sugar plantations near Houma, Louisiana. His responsibilities included shipping hogsheads of sugar and barrels of molasses, retrieving runaway slaves for return to the plantations, and sometimes delivering punishments. If he had any qualms about his duties, they are not recorded in his journal. An entry for March 14, 1863, reads: “this morning I was sent by the captain to take a Negro up to Gibson plantation and see the negro whipt 50 lashes. stayed… and had a butifull dinner.”

On June 22, Olmsted took part in a battle at Brashear City (now Morgan City), Louisiana, where he and other Federals were taken prisoner. After their parole on June 25, 1863, Olmsted described being marched to the point of exhaustion in the sweltering heat, with many parolees dying on the journey. The Union men were held briefly at the Belleville Iron Works before making their way to Ship Island, where Olmsted noted that the rations were scarce and that they lived in tents on the blazing sand. On July 29, Olmsted wrote: “This morning went into the woods 9 miles from camp for wood, had to float it down to camp by wading up to our arms in water. Sun so hot that we burnt our legs to a blister but love of country overpowers all this.” Olmsted departed Ship Island on August 4, traveled upriver to Cairo, Illinois, boarded a train for Indianapolis, and eventually made his way back to Connecticut. He returned home sick and exhausted. “I had not been shaved in over 8 months, my wife did not know me at first, but I am overjoyed to meet her and my little boy. I am ragged and dirty, have an old straw hat with only a part of [the] brim, am entirely worn out with my army service.” (August 25, 1863). On September 5, Olmsted traveled to New Haven to obtain his discharge papers, and ended his service with the Union Army.

The journal also includes several brief entries regarding financial accounts; one notation from July 3, 1889, records a meeting in Bridgeport; and a separate document gives Olmsted permission to “pass the lines at all hours.” On a "Memoranda" page at the end of the diary is a very brief note concerning an A.W.O.L. fling on November 23.

The Mary Reynolds papers are comprised of six letters written home by a missionary and teacher in Turkey. The Reynolds letters offer an insight into one woman's view of the missionary endeavor and local occurences.

The collection consists of six letters, five addressed to Reynolds's sister and brother-in-law, Lucy (Reynolds) Root (1789-1871) and John Root (1789-1855) of Greenwich, Massachusetts, and one to her sister Martha Reynolds (1795-1832).

Major events discussed in Reynolds's letters include outbreaks of plague and cholera in Smyrna and other Ottoman cities, an 1831 fire that destroyed most of the Pera district of Constantinople, and a visit by missionary Joseph Wolff (1795-1862). One letter also discusses the appearance of a volcanic island off the coast of Sicily (likely Graham Island which subsequently sank back into the ocean) as told by two English travelers.

The letters' primary focus is Reynolds's missionary efforts and her devotion to God. She often expresses joy in the prospect of heaven and her daily prayer, hymns, and school teaching. Reynolds's religious views permeate every aspect of her life and she often considers events as divinely ordained- the Pera fire she attributes to the sins of its inhabitants such as British ambassador Robert Gordon's infidelity. Her piety does target Protestants she deems not faithful enough as well as members of other religions including Greeks, Catholics, Armenians, and Jews. She also discusses the ongoing war with Egypt (First Egyptian-Ottoman War) and related impressment and taxation by the Turkish government.