Collections

The James M. K. Reed Collection consists of four undated items relating to Reed's services as an instructor of practical penmanship in mid-19th century Pennsylvania. It includes two calligraphic drawings of American eagles, one of which is holding a ribbon and flying above a feather quill. The other two items in the collection are subscription lists for students. They detail the terms for the penmanship classes and list patron names, the number of scholars, and whether fees were paid. One list identifies the locale of the classes as being in the vicinity of Patterson's Mills, likely in Pennsylvania. The other list provides no location, but notes the classes are co-taught by "Reed & Boyd" and includes several calligraphic drawings of birds and a feather quill.

The James M. K. Reed Collection consists of four undated items relating to Reed's services as an instructor of practical penmanship in mid-19th century Pennsylvania. It includes two calligraphic drawings of American eagles, one of which is holding a ribbon and flying above a feather quill. The other two items in the collection are subscription lists for students. They detail the terms for the penmanship classes and list patron names, the number of scholars, and whether fees were paid. One list identifies the locale of the classes as being in the vicinity of Patterson's Mills, likely in Pennsylvania. The other list provides no location, but notes the classes are co-taught by "Reed & Boyd" and includes several calligraphic drawings of birds and a feather quill.

This cypher book, by Theophilus Norris of Epping, New Hampshire, contains mathematical rules, examples, and exercises. Entries also relate to practical uses, including surveying, weights and measures, and compound interest. Several handwriting exercises are also present, as well as brief genealogical notes relating to Elizabeth Brier and Elizabeth Norris.

Arthur Loring completed penmanship exercises in 1891 and 1892 within H. W. Shaylor's Harper's New Graded Copy Books of Practical Penmanship, published by the American Book Company. Each page includes a printed example of two finely written place names and one proverb or phrase, advancing through the volume in alphabetical order.

Arthur Loring completed penmanship exercises in 1891 and 1892 within H. W. Shaylor's Harper's New Graded Copy Books of Practical Penmanship, published by the American Book Company. Each page includes a printed example of two finely written place names and one proverb or phrase, advancing through the volume in alphabetical order.

The inside front cover features illustrations of a male student writing at a desk and a close up of his hands holding the pen, along with a written description of the proper position for writing. The back inside cover includes examples of movement exercises, and an advertisement for Harper's Copy-Books appears on the back cover.

Ina L. Cooper kept this notebook to record her notes on Physiological Psychology in the spring term of 1889 and on Language Method in the fall term of 1890, likely reflecting training she was receiving to become a teacher. The Physiological Psychology section includes information about different bodily processes and their impact on pedagogy and student learning. Some of the physiological concepts noted include the nervous system, digestion, the senses, apperception and reproduction, attention and interest, among others. In the Language Method section, Ina Cooper kept notes regarding methods for instruction, ethics, and particulars relating to spelling, botanical study, and grammar.

Ina L. Cooper kept this notebook to record her notes on Physiological Psychology in the spring term of 1889 and on Language Method in the fall term of 1890, likely reflecting training she was receiving to become a teacher. The Physiological Psychology section includes information about different bodily processes and their impact on pedagogy and student learning. Some of the physiological concepts noted include the nervous system, digestion, the senses, apperception and reproduction, attention and interest, among others. In the Language Method section, Ina Cooper kept notes regarding methods for instruction, ethics, and particulars relating to spelling, botanical study, and grammar.

This collection contains 11 personal letters to Reverend Henry E. Hart, who lived in Franklin, Connecticut, in the 1880s and 1890s. Most of Hart's correspondents responded to his requests for information about fellow classmates from the Lewis Academy in Southington, Connecticut, and many reminisced about their experiences at the school. Other items concern religious commentaries, the Christian doctrine of kenosis, and church fundraising.

This collection (15 items) contains 11 personal letters to Reverend Henry E. Hart, who lived in Franklin, Connecticut, in the 1880s and 1890s. Most of Hart's correspondents responded to his requests for information about fellow classmates from the Lewis Academy in Southington, Connecticut, and many reminisced about their experiences at the school. Other items concern religious commentaries, the Christian doctrine of kenosis, and church fundraising.

Most correspondents wrote to Hart from cities in Massachusetts and Connecticut. Hart's former classmates remembered their time at the Lewis Academy, recalling classmates, instructors, and aspects of school life. One author provided his opinion on Thomas Kelly Cheyne's commentaries on the Book of Isaiah, and another commented on pastors' salaries. Elizabeth Hart ("Bessie") wrote one letter to her mother about her social life and novels she had recently read (August 9, 1890). On January 16, 1896, Charles R. Hart wrote to "Mr. H. H. Goodwin" about financial matters.

The collection also includes a newspaper clipping containing an article by Henry E. Hart, who wrote about the use of chain letters in church fundraising (August 25, 1898), and a reprint of F. C. H. Wendel's article "The Incarnation as a Proof of the Doctrine of the Kenosis," originally published in Bibliotheca Sacra (October 1897).

This collection is made up of incoming and outgoing correspondence related to William H. Sharp of The Dalles, Oregon. Sharp wrote to his parents and siblings while studying at the California Military Academy in Oakland, California, from 1880-1883, and received letters from cousins, acquaintances, and others as late as 1889. Additional items include personal letters between Sharp and his wife Jennie.

This collection (70 items) is made up of incoming and outgoing correspondence related to William H. Sharp of The Dalles, Oregon. From 1880-1883, Sharp wrote to his parents and siblings about his experiences at the California Military Academy in Oakland, California, where he commented on academics, his health, and fellow students. During this time and after leaving the institution, he received letters from cousins and friends in Benicia, California; San Francisco, California; Oakland, California; and other locations. In 1888, Frank Sharp wrote to William from the California Military Academy and from Minneapolis, Minnesota. William Sharp's correspondents wrote about life at the California Military Academy, social events, and family news. William's wife Jennie received letters from William during his visit to Spokane Falls, Washington Territory, in 1889, and from multiple other correspondents.

This collection consists of letters written by Mary S. Clayton to her future husband, James F. Jordan, while she worked as a schoolteacher in Almont, Michigan. She discussed her teaching experiences, life in Almont, and her family in Plymouth, Michigan, whom she occasionally visited.

This collection consists of over 230 items, almost all of which are letters. Mary S. Clayton wrote most of the letters to her future husband, James F. Jordan, while she worked as a schoolteacher in Almont, Michigan. Mary began her correspondence in July 1877, shortly after graduating from the Michigan State Normal School, and regularly wrote flirtatious letters to James, also a teacher. She focused on her teaching career and life in Almont, Michigan, and described incidents from the classroom as well as from her social life. She mentioned the Methodist Church, where she occasionally taught classes, local news, and her thoughts on relationships, particularly on flirtation. She wrote most of the letters prior to her marriage to James in 1881. The rest include letters that James wrote to Mary from Buchanan, Michigan, in 1882, as well as letters from family and friends, who wrote from several Michigan towns and from Chicago. Some later letters relate to the custody of Mary's sister Libbie following the death of her father in the spring of 1882.

The Marcus Jamieson collection is made up of incoming personal letters to Jamieson from friends and his immediate family, as well as letters that he wrote to his future wife, Emma Crary of Webster City, Iowa. Jamieson received letters from Emma, his father, and numerous friends in Pennsylvania, Michigan, Iowa, and other states while living in Grinnell, Iowa, between 1877 and 1883, and he received letters from his mother and brother in Grinnell, Iowa, while living in Warren, Pennsylvania, between 1891 and 1902. The letters pertain to numerous aspects of daily life, such as education, local news, and social activities.

The Marcus Jamieson collection is made up of approximately 90 incoming personal letters to Jamieson from friends and his immediate family, as well as 12 letters that he wrote to his future wife, Emma Crary of Webster City, Iowa. Jamieson received letters from Emma, his father, and numerous friends in Pennsylvania, Michigan, Iowa, and other states while living in Grinnell, Iowa, between 1877 and 1883, and he received letters from his mother and brother in Grinnell, Iowa, while living in Warren, Pennsylvania, between 1891 and 1902. The letters pertain to numerous aspects of daily life, such as education, local news, and social activities.

T. W. Gilmore, Jr., and Marcia Gilmore frequently wrote to Jamieson from Ann Arbor, Michigan, between 1877 and 1881. They commented on their social activities, the city, and education. In one letter, T. W. Gilmore, Jr., drew a floor plan of the house in which he lived (November 3, 1878), and in others he mentioned aspects of student life at the high school and at the University of Michigan. Jamieson's father, Hugh A. Jamieson, wrote from Warren, Pennsylvania, and several friends shared news about their lives in Iowa, Missouri, Illinois, Nebraska, and the Dakota Territory. Some commented on baseball, and one drew a sketch of a woman (August 22, 1879).

After 1880, Jamieson corresponded with Emily Crary ("Emma") of Webster City, Iowa. The couple's early letters primarily concern everyday news, but later letters reflect their transition into a more formal courtship. One letter has Jamieson's drawing of a picture of a fireman (August 6, 1882).

After a gap between 1884 and 1890, Jamieson's incoming correspondence resumes with letters from his brother Charles and his mother Julia, both of whom lived in Grinnell, Iowa. Charles discussed his educational experiences at Iowa College, and Julia provided news of her social life and of Emma's mother. The final item is a letter from a representative of Iowa College requesting a financial donation.

Additional material includes a wedding notice, a printed program, a flier of facts about Grinnell College, a newspaper clipping, and a photograph of an unidentified infant.

The George and Emilie Archer correspondence contains personal correspondence addressed to George and his wife Emilie from family and friends. Many of the letters relate to a property dispute between George and two of his siblings.

The George Archer correspondence contains letters written to George and his wife Emilie from family and friends. George's parents wrote a majority of the early items during his time at the Centenary Collegiate Institute in Hackettstown, New Jersey. His mother usually focused on news about family members and friends in Camden. His father wrote letters of advice to George, and discussed religious matters, particularly concerning conversion.

Following George's graduation, his correspondents represented a wider range of friends and social acquaintances. The majority of the early 20th century material belonged to Emilie Archer, whose parents often provided news of family and friends in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Many later items, written between 1905 and 1906, concern a property settlement between George and his siblings over lots in Barnegat City, New Jersey. Though the proceedings often named George as a party, many of these items were originally addressed directly to Emilie or to George's sister, Helen Devlin. An enclosure in one letter, addressed to Helen and dated September 12, 1905, was a copy of the deed to these lands.

The collection also includes a questionnaire filled out by George Archer for admittance into the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle, a handful of invitations to formal events, and calling cards.

This collection contains the personal correspondence of Levi Henry Elwell and his family. Elwell was a professor in Amherst, Massachusetts, and many of the letters relate to his children's studies at Vassar College and Amherst College, as well as their everyday lives in Massachusetts and New York.

This collection contains 226 personal letters, 8 Greek-language examinations, and 5 loose newspaper clippings regarding Levi Henry Elwell and his family.

The Correspondence series contains letters between and to members of the Elwell family. During his early days as a student at Amherst College and as a teacher in Poughkeepsie, New York, Elwell wrote to his mother, Harriet Adaline Elwell, and fiancée, Abbie Miner Nickerson, about his scholarly life and experiences. In these letters, Levi and Abbie often discussed their engagement and wedding plans. Though later correspondence includes some letters that the couple sent to Levi's parents, most originated from their children, Marion, Florence, and James. The sisters frequently wrote each other to discuss Marion's experiences at Vassar College. They also received mail from various friends, several of whom enclosed sketches. Levi Elwell wrote many of the later letters to his daughter Florence during her studies at Vassar College, including a postcard entirely in Latin (June 1906) and a report on the family's reaction to witnessing Halley's Comet (May 10, 1910). Though the letters primarily concern personal news, correspondents occasionally discussed contemporary politics; in a letter to Marion dated October 30, 1904, Levi described the American political landscape and discussed his own political views. Around 11 newspaper clippings are enclosed in various letters.

The Newspaper Clippings and Exams series has 8 examinations (December 20, 1897-January 20, 1908) for students of Amherst College, who were required to translate and interpret classical Greek texts, printed in their original language. The 5 loose newspaper clippings concern women's colleges (May 14, 1910), faculty promotions at Amherst College (undated), dirigible balloons (undated), and Halley's Comet (2 items, ca. April 1910).

This volume is an educator's guide to utilizing Louis Bail's drawing charts for educating young students in the art of illustration.

This volume is an educator's guide to utilizing Louis Bail's drawing charts for educating young students in the art of illustration. The Teacher's Guide, a Key to Bail's Drawing Charts is intended to accompany a series of 20 illustrations which comprise a basic education in illustration, from understanding different types of lines to drawing from nature.

Bail wrote a general preface to his text, offering a general introduction to his system and stating his goal to "rid mankind of a large class of loungers" by producing a greater number of skilled laborers. This manuscript draft of the book contains detailed lesson plans, each accompanied by several illustrative pencil drawings providing examples of the desired products of each lesson. The system has specific goals for each grade level, and though the author recommends starting artistic education as early as possible, the book also includes comments on teaching older students.

The back of the volume also contains additional illustrations (labeled "Plate No. 1" through "Plate No. 11," the first ten in ink) and penciled designs that have been drawn or pasted in, but appear unrelated to the Teacher’s Guide.

• 1 (Charts 1-3): Dots, spacing, types of lines (vertical, horizontal, oblique, broken), right angles, triangles, and proper finger, wrist, and hand motions for drawing lines
• 2 (Charts 4-5): Inch spacing, drawing motions, dividing lines into equal parts, and drawing squares
• 3 (Charts 6-7): Inch spacing, drawing motions, more complex applications of squares and line division
• 4 (Charts 8-10): Curved lines and ellipses
• 5 (Charts 11-13): Applications of curved lines and ellipses
• 6 (Charts 14-16): Shading, drawing leaves from nature
• 7 (Charts 17-20): Simple ornamental forms, combination and repetition of curved lines, ellipses, and scrolls, embellished leaves and flowers, drawing from memory, and independent simple designs
• 8: Geometrical drawing and perspective
• 9: Drawing from natural objects, beginning with geometric solids and progressing to more complicated models; including shading and designing ornaments.

This collection is made up of two cypher books kept by Ambrose H. Huber of Hereford, Pennsylvania, between 1866 and 1868. The books include problems and solutions in multiplication, fractions and decimals, arithmetical progression, roots, weights and measures. One volume has a yellow paper cover and the other a blue paper cover. The printed covers depict George Washington beside an American flag, with ships in the distance. On the backs of the volumes are printed advertisements for J. Washington Miller, Stationer and Publisher, No. 204 North Third Street.

This collection consists primarily of letters written by Herbert Babcock to his stepmother Prudence, when he was a student at a secondary school in Adams, New York.

This collection consists primarily of letters written by Herbert Babcock to his stepmother Prudence, when he was a student at a secondary school in Adams, New York. In his 10 letters, which cover the winter term from 1866-1867, he discussed his health, lessons, leisure activities, and reactions to family news from home; he often admitted to suffering from homesickness, though he enjoyed living with his aunt and uncle on their farm. Herbert gave details of his lessons, including the subjects of his written compositions and the structures of different classes. He also noted the strictness of his teachers and mentioned a rule against "wink[ing] to a girl in the classes" (December 22, 1866). Despite his ongoing difficulties with mathematics, Herbert generally enjoyed his studies and, after realizing the current term was likely to be his last, vowed to get the most out of his education. Herbert wrote about his life in northern New York, the school's military drill exercises, a baseball club formed by several students, and his attendance at a local party. The collection also includes a letter from his Aunt Lovina to her sister, in which she discussed her recent poor health and the effects of the draft (July 26, 1863), and pieces of embroidered ribbon.

This collection consists of two penmanship copybooks Frederick Fisher, possibly of Easton, Pennsylvania, kept in 1861 and 1863. The volumes contain examples of penmanship exercises, mostly sentences and phrases organized alphabetically by the first letter of the sentence or words. Themes relate to duty and honor, good manners, productivity, geography, education, Andrew Jackson and George Washington, and vanity, among others.

This collection consists of two penmanship copybooks Frederick Fisher, possibly of Easton, Pennsylvania, kept in 1861 and 1863. The volumes contain examples of penmanship exercises, mostly sentences and phrases organized alphabetically by the first letter of the sentence or words. Themes relate to duty and honor, good manners, productivity, geography, education, Andrew Jackson and George Washington, and vanity, among others.

The 1861 copybook was sold by William Maxwell of Easton, Pennsylvania, and features an illustrated front cover showing three female figures, including one with dark skin, seated at a wharf, likely allegories representing industry and commerce. Fisher added pen-and-ink drawings of quills on the front cover and inside front cover.

The 1863 copybook was produced by Kiggins & Kellogg, booksellers and stationers in New York. It has printed covers bearing illustrations of children outside of a public school and a multiplication table.

This collection consists of two penmanship copybooks Frederick Fisher, possibly of Easton, Pennsylvania, kept in 1861 and 1863. The volumes contain examples of penmanship exercises, mostly sentences and phrases organized alphabetically by the first letter of the sentence or words. Themes relate to duty and honor, good manners, productivity, geography, education, Andrew Jackson and George Washington, and vanity, among others.

This collection consists of two penmanship copybooks Frederick Fisher, possibly of Easton, Pennsylvania, kept in 1861 and 1863. The volumes contain examples of penmanship exercises, mostly sentences and phrases organized alphabetically by the first letter of the sentence or words. Themes relate to duty and honor, good manners, productivity, geography, education, Andrew Jackson and George Washington, and vanity, among others.

The 1861 copybook was sold by William Maxwell of Easton, Pennsylvania, and features an illustrated front cover showing three female figures, including one with dark skin, seated at a wharf, likely allegories representing industry and commerce. Fisher added pen-and-ink drawings of quills on the front cover and inside front cover.

The 1863 copybook was produced by Kiggins & Kellogg, booksellers and stationers in New York. It has printed covers bearing illustrations of children outside of a public school and a multiplication table.

This school book contains essays, poetry, penmanship exercises, maps, and mathematical problems composed by Ausben W. Dech of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, during his time at Bethlehem's Moravian Day School. Many of the maps are accompanied by brief essays. Three poems and one essay are written in German.

This school book contains 89 pages of essays, poetry, penmanship exercises, maps, and mathematical problems that Ausben W. Dech composed between December 2, 1858, and March 4, 1860, while he attended the Moravian Day School in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Dech drew 33 maps of individual states, regions of the United States, and foreign countries. Many of his earlier maps include rivers, though unlabeled, and most of the later examples indicate the presence of mountains. Several state maps are accompanied by brief essays, often describing the primary natural resources or the state's history. Maps of Maine, France, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Connecticut are accompanied by pencil sketches of houses and ships. For a complete list of maps, see Additional Descriptive Data below.

Most early entries consist of essays and penmanship exercises, though Dech also wrote and copied poetry and worked out mathematical problems. One poem, entitled "An Indian's Gratitude," is attributed to "McLellan" (most likely New England author and poet Isaac McLellan (1806-1899)) and four entries are in German, including one essay and three poems. A small cross-stitched token reading "A token of love" is laid in between pages 56 and 57.

This collection primarily consists of 44 letters exchanged between members of the Hunter family of Wiseburg, Maryland, in 1859. Eliza Hunter ("Lida") received 19 letters from her parents, Margaret and Pleasant Hunter, when she was studying at Linden Hall Seminary in Lititz, Pennsylvania; she responded with 4 letters and 1 brief note. Other letters between female cousins and sisters concern various aspects of their lives, such as education, travel, and family news.

This collection primarily consists of 44 letters exchanged between members of the Hunter family of Wiseburg, Maryland, in 1859. Eliza Hunter ("Lida") received 19 letters from her parents, Margaret and Pleasant Hunter, when she was studying at Linden Hall Seminary in Lititz, Pennsylvania; she responded with 4 letters and 1 brief note. Other letters between female cousins and sisters concern various aspects of their lives, such as education, travel, and family news. Also included are 2 newspaper clippings and a receipt. With the exception of 1 letter written in 1856, 2 written in 1866, and 2 undated items, the letters all date between January 16, 1859, and December 8, 1859.

The Hunters provided Eliza with family and social news from their home in Wiseburg, Maryland. They often commented on health issues, deaths, and correspondence with cousins and other family members. In her letter of May 27, 1859, Eliza's mother described two deaths caused by railroad accidents. Eliza discussed some of her experiences while in school, and included details about her studies and about her social life.

Other female cousins and family members also wrote to unidentified members of the Hunter family, commenting on education, social news, visits to Baltimore, and other aspects of their lives. Eliza Hunter's cousin Annie wrote a letter from Natchez, Mississippi, about her upcoming journey home and about the recent explosion of the steamboat Princess (March 13, 1859); she also mentioned an African American man who wanted to return home with her. In 2 letters to her sister (September and December 1859), a woman named Clara mentioned her five miscarriages, her elderly mother's affairs, and the cost of feeding herself and her household (which included a nurse and food for her "woman" and 4 slaves).

Eliza also received brief letters from female acquaintances she knew from Linden Hall, who wrote of their journeys home from the school in the summer of 1859. Two newspaper clippings, one of which is dated 1866, discuss Byron Sunderland, former chaplain to the United States Senate, and a political speech by Frederick Douglass.

This collection is made up of correspondence written by members of the Kendall and Brown families of New Lebanon, New York, during the late 19th century. John Kendall's daughters Mary, Ellen, and Sarah wrote to each other while attending schools in Connecticut and New York in the 1850s, and continued to provide family news in later letters. Charles H. Brown wrote a series of letters to his parents while living with his grandparents and attending school near Pittsfield, Massachusetts, in the mid-1870s. Other items include receipts for boarding school tuition.

This collection (39 items) contains correspondence written by members of the Kendall and Brown families of New Lebanon, New York, during the late 19th century. John Kendall's daughters Mary, Ellen, and Sarah wrote to each other while attending schools in Connecticut and New York in the 1850s, and continued to provide family news in later letters. Charles H. Brown wrote a series of letters to his parents while living with his grandparents and attending school near Pittsfield, Massachusetts, in the mid-1870s. Other items include receipts for boarding school tuition.

The Kendall sisters exchanged letters in the mid- to late 1850s, while Ellen C. Kendall attended the Ingham Collegiate Institute in Le Roy, New York, and Sarah W. Kendall attended the Wadawanuck Young Ladies' Institute in Stonington, Connecticut. They shared news of their social lives and described their educational experiences, such as Ellen's desire to take painting classes. Between 1874 and 1876, Charles H. Brown wrote to his parents, discussing his schoolwork, local and family news, and his religious beliefs. In one letter, he reported on a large fire, and in another he mentioned a school lecture on leaders of the antislavery movement. Many of his letters include weather charts. Brown wrote one additional letter to his parents while working as a machinist for a railroad company in Dunkirk, New York, in 1880. Later correspondence includes a letter that William Armistead Collier wrote to his cousin, Walter Brown, and a letter by E. F. Boyden about a statue of Seth Boyden erected in Newark, New Jersey. An undated letter from Ellen Kendall to Sarah Kendall Brown includes a drawing of a woman.

Sarah W. Kendall's husband, Henry L. Brown, received receipts for tuition for Charles H. Brown at the Greylock Institute in South Williamstown, Massachusetts, in 1876, and for Harvey Brown at the Mount Hermon School in Mount Hermon, Massachusetts, in 1888.

This collection contains correspondence, a school notebook, and other material related to Howard W. Wiltse, a native of Hannibal, New York, who graduated from the University of Michigan Law School in 1861.

This collection (13 items) contains correspondence, a school notebook (approximately 200 pages), and other material related to Howard W. Wiltse, a native of Hannibal, New York, who graduated from the University of Michigan Law School in 1861.

Howard W. Wiltse entered the University of Michigan Law School in 1859, the year it was founded, and graduated in 1861. From November 29, 1859-December 18, 1860, he composed class notes in a copy of Clayton's Quarto Diary for 1859. Wiltse's notes are based on lectures by the school's three professors (James V. Campbell, Thomas B. Cooley, and Charles I. Walker) and concern a wide range of legal topics, including civil law and criminal law, with an emphasis on economic practices; individual lectures often pertain to legal precedent. A dried fern leaf is laid into the volume.

Letters (10 items), a financial document (1 item), and a newspaper (1 item), once laid into the volume, also relate to Howard W. Wiltse's experiences in New York and Michigan. He wrote 2 letters to an unidentified brother in March 1852 and April 1855 about his experiences teaching school in a town called Burns, and he wrote 7 letters to other family members between May 1859 and April 1862. Wiltse discussed his studies at the University of Michigan Law School, the cost of his schoolbooks, and his legal career in Big Rapids, Michigan. In one letter, written on stationery depicting five of the university's buildings, he mentioned the turbulent political situation just before the Civil War (February 19, 1861). Later items include a financial document (April 3, 1874) and a letter from a man named Charles to a woman named Nettie (September 3, 1886). Howard W. Wiltse also sent his family the first issue of the Mecosta County Pioneer (April 17, 1862).

Herman Beck created this book of German-English language practice exercises on ethics, business administration, letter writing, bookkeeping, and other subjects. The volume includes some teacher corrections as well as printed, colored illustrations and a map of Europe.

Herman Beck created this book of German-English language practice exercises on ethics, business administration, letter writing, bookkeeping, and other subjects. Beck wrote his German in Fraktur and Kurrent; his English contains many misspellings and some teacher corrections. Three printed, colored illustrations of a scene from William Tell and poems or lyrics ("Der kleine Tambour" and "Der kleine Grenadier") are included, as well as a printed, colored map of Europe. The names B. J. Beck and Johan Beck are legible on the cover and inside flyleaf; Herman Beck signed his name and initials throughout the volume.